Ãnyos Jedlik
Ányos István Jedlik [a ː ɲoʃ iʃtva ː n jɛdlik ] ( Hungarian) also Slovak Štefan Anian Jedlik or Anton Štefan Jedlik ( born January 11, 1800 Szimo (now Zemné / Slovakia ), † 13 December 1895 in Győr) was a Hungarian physicist, scientist, teacher and inventor.
Curriculum vitae
His parents, who were simple Hungarian peasants, sent him to the Benedictine school in Pressburg (now Bratislava). When he had finished high school, he entered in 1817 a Benedictine monk and was ordained a priest at age 25. He was also from 1831 to 1839 worked as a teacher in Bratislava. After his time in Bratislava, he assumed the guardianship of the Department of Győr cabinet in high school, where he conducted physical experiments regularly. After that, he was from 1840 to 1879 professor at the University of Budapest, until he went in 1880 to retire.
In 1848 he volunteered for the Volkssturm. When the bombardment began to plague, he brought his experimental equipment to safety. After the failed fight for freedom broke on hard times for him. He struggled to find its place in life. Although he was allowed to teach again, it was only allowed to teach him German.
A cousin of Jedlik Ányos was Gregor Czuczor, also Benedictine priest and literary critic ( 1800-1866 ).
Inventions
In 1826 he was to surprise his confreres made soda water. He used the soda water artificially manufactured for the treatment of cholera patients. According to his plans, the first soda factory was built. Even if the required Soda he developed. The company went bankrupt and he could derive no financial benefit from his invention.
Jedlik 1829 constructed a direct current motor, which is an original form of the electric motor.
Already in 1853 he saw the construction of a Unipolarmaschine the dynamo-electric principle and then developed in 1861 a dynamo. This Jedlik has discovered the dynamo principle five years before Werner von Siemens and Charles Wheatstone. However, this is also advised as the invention of Søren Hjorth, who received the first patent for a self-excited dynamo already in 1854 into oblivion.
Even before Jedlik the French instrument maker Hippolyte Pixii built in 1832 the first known AC generator and later a generator for pulsating direct current.
In 1840 Jedlik professor at the University of Pest was. He joined in 1841 as one of the first of the Hungarian Natural History Society and in 1858 a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He also changed the terminology in physics and chemistry from Latin to Hungarian, in 1844 the official language was.
His appliances were also exhibited at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873, where he was awarded on the recommendation of Siemens with the price of "progress."