Apepi (pharaoh)
Apopi I, also Apophis I, was an ancient Egyptian King (Pharaoh) of the 15th dynasty ( Second Intermediate Period ) and therefore the Hyksos period which from about 1590 to around 1549 BC, reigned ( Franke: 1574-1534 v. AD).
Family
As relatives of the Apopi women Tani and Tja'rudjet with the title of king sister are known. Their names are assigned to objects of the ruler. As a daughter Apopis Harta is attested.
Documents
For the 15th dynasty king Turin Papyrus and Manetho are in accordance with consistently called six rulers. Since there are four other kings could be assigned by name, it is assumed in Egyptology mostly assume that only a king existed with names Apopi, so, for example, assign Jürgen von Beckerath and Detlef Franke all three throne name the same Apopi.
With regard to the sequence names are, however, to use different estimates. Nicolas Grimal also sees the throne name Neb -Re chepesch a vassal king of the 16th dynasty, and in addition takes two different rulers with names Apopi I. and Apopi II during the 15th Dynasty.
Jürgen von Beckerath follows Nicolas Grimal guess only rudimentary at best and recognizes the throne name Neb -Re chepesch evidence of a vassal king in the 16th dynasty.
Proper name Apopi
The proper name of Apopi is similar Pepi to be understood as ancient Egyptian term of endearment and dips along with Seqenenre Papyrus Sallier I. on. Apopi is also attested in the Memphite priests Pedigree, this on one of Sesostris III. usurped Sphinx, in a stem ending from Bubastis inscription and on other monuments.
Also, was located in the crypt of Hathor in Dendera sanctuary a sistrum, which was donated by a " Apopi ". On a stone vessel, the Weihinschrinft " From Apopi at Re" is noted.
Throne name
The throne name Neb -Re chepesch is indicated among other things, a dagger, the Apopi his henchman gave Nahmann as well as a scarab and a vascular inscription.
The name Aa qenen -Re is repeatedly occupied: On a consecrated to the god Seth from Avaris sacrificial plate as well as usurped inscriptions on the colossi of Mermescha and a dagger and on Mähnensphingen of Amenemhet III. from Tanis. On the sacrificial plate is also the Horus name Se - hetep - taui.
The oldest documented dating, the throne name Aa -user- Re ( variant: Heka - s -hats- waret -aa -user- re) in the Rhind papyrus from the 33rd year of his reign dar. Both the Siege Report of Kamose called King Apopi as also an architrave from Gebelein, vessels, scarabs and a recorder range. According to Hans Goedicke he stands in the tradition of the Egyptians, but also come Ebers papyri and Smith from his time.
Regency
Apopi ruled according to the Turin Royal Canon least 40 years, with the assignment of this entry is only accepted at Apopi because the words " 40 x years " otherwise with any other Hyksos king can be connected. According to Manetho ( Josephus ) Apopi reigned 36 years and seven months, according to Manetho ( Africanus ) even to 61 years, and according to another variant of 14.
Apopi lived first with the Theban princes of the 17th Dynasty in coexistence under his suzerainty. A student received manuscript from the 19th dynasty depicts the beginning of the discord between the king and the princes Apopi Seqenenre from Thebes: the king in Avaris feels bothered by the roar of the hippos in Thebes.
Expulsion
Seqenenre falls in battle against the Hyksos and his successor Kamose continued the fight. On his stele he dubbed Apopi disparagingly as " Prince of Palestine", Neferusi conquered near Hermopolis and besieged Avaris. The conquest of the city, however, he did not succeed and only Kamoses successor Ahmose took the city.