Apollonia ad Rhyndacum

40.16666666666728.6Koordinaten: 40 ° 10 '0 "N, 28 ° 36' 0" E

Apollonia on Rhyndacus (Latin: Apollonia ad Rhyndacum; Gölyazı today at Uluabat Gölü ( Lacus Apolloniatis ) in Bursa, former Apolyont, Apolynt ) is an ancient town in Mysia ( in Asia Minor ).

History

Despite the mid-2nd century BC were made recognition as Milesian Apoikia Apollonia may have been a colony of Pergamum, named after Apollonis, the mother of Attalos II In Roman times it was a taxable city ( civitas stipendiary ) in the province of Asia. In the 1st century BC Apollonia came for a time as a function of Cyzicus.

In Byzantine times the city was a kastron and bishopric in the Metropolis of Nicomedia, also called Theotokiana. In the 11th century it was occupied briefly by the Seljuk Turks, then again Byzantine, Ottoman since the 14th century; a Greek population remained until 1922 / 23rd

Location and Archaeology

Apollonia lay on two hills on / in Uluabat Gölü. The lake has today depending on water level a area of ​​135 160 km ², but only an average water depth of 3 m. On the first hill ( St George's Hill ) is a Byzantine fortification. Another such attachment on the second hill may have been built on a Hellenistic predecessor, using a variety of Imperial times spoils.

A Byzantine wall dates from the early Middle Ages (8th- 10th century? ).

In the village there is a large three-aisled post-Byzantine church and a small Einraumkirche, on the barrier island of Constantine ( Manastır Adası ) a Byzantine domed church.

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