Appanage

( Fr. supply from mlat. Appanare = bread ) In the appanage concerned it is the severance of the non- ruling members of a noble family with land or money to enable a befitting way of life. The appanage has been granted either to the death of apanagierten nobles or until the extinction of the line which he founded. Since there was no single, clear law of succession in medieval Europe for a long time, trying to reconcile the non- ruling members of a dynasty with an appanage to prevent a division of the dominion.

Description

The legal concept of alimony was by the Primogeniturordnung, ie the succession of elders from the oldest line, legally and historically conditioned due to this ( Ubi primogenitura, ibi apanagium ).

The need to supply in the indivisibility of the country excluded from the government succession princes and princesses, was born in earlier times by Para -strategies, ie the transfer of land and people, Bill, while in the 19th century the supply claim not reigning princely persons that has already been recognized in the Golden Bull, is mostly satisfied by the granting of pensions.

The amount of alimony and the pecuniary position of apanagierten princes and princesses ever was in the individual states determined partly by the Basic Law, and partly by special laws, partly by building laws and observance.

A claim for alimony was only evenly matched members of the House. But there were to be distinguished in respect to alimony, two systems, after which the lines or the individual princely persons were provided:

• After the inheritance system, which consisted for example in Bavaria, Saxony, Württemberg and Waldeck, the appanage of the line was determined. The kids get in his father's lifetime, no special appanage, at the death of the same but the appanage is distributed among its children evenly matched, and it remains in succession, until the line is extinct.

• After the escheat system as in Baden and Oldenburg was legal, for example, were the individual princely persons, particularly endowed usually by the time they come of age, and the appanage ended with the death of Apanagierten.

Also, the direct descendants of the reigning Lord, especially the heir to the throne, had right to alimony, while they had to be entertained in other states during the lifetime of the father of this in some countries.

Princesses while they were unmarried, either obtained from the appanage of the line, or they received a special appanage, in this case often called sustentation. In the case of marriage, they were entitled to a dowry ( Princess or Miss tax); the monarch as that of a posthumous prince widow had to take a jointure. The financing of the dowry was considered a legitimate reason for collecting general taxes, which the Estates could not withhold their consent. Taxes to pay the dowry for princesses were therefore sometimes (as well as the dowry itself) called Miss control.

Appanage, Miss control and jointure ( Witwenapanage ) that existed regularly in an annuity, but sometimes also in the income of real estate, had, according to the existing in each country means on the Kronfideikommissgut (→ Fideikommiss ), the chamber or domain assets, on the Treasury or on the civil list of the reigning Lord their entry.

Similar conditions were also found in the mediatised princely houses as well as in those families who had a Familienfideikommiss built if the holder is then sometimes payable to the excluded from the succession in the same family members for their standesgemäßem maintenance appanages whose size according to statute, House Act and Familienobservanz directed.

In China the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) all non- ruling members of the imperial family were treated by appanages, usually in the form of large estates and pensions from the state treasury. This contributed to an increasingly overweight at desolateren financial position of the government.