Arable land

The top soil is the form of the ground, which serves the agricultural use.

Basics

For the differentiation of culture soil, the grain size of the soil particles is important. Sand grains are relatively large and approximately spherical. The soil is loose, with plenty of space between the particles. Thus, roots can spread easily, but the water is poorly stored. The plate-like clay particles of clay soils are much smaller in contrast. The soil is compact and solid, with little space for water and air. Clay soils are about to settle in between, clay is a mixture of sand, silt and clay.

Important agricultural soil

Major cultural soils and their advantages and disadvantages, and agricultural improvement.

Sandy soil

  • Good features: heated well ventilated and fast; Rainwater is well received; the soil can be worked in any weather.
  • Weak sides: rapid cooling, water is poorly maintained; Fertilizer quickly rots or goes underground; the ground requires a lot of casting work.
  • Improvement measures: use of cattle and pig manure, only small amounts of mineral fertilizers and then give more; Laying turf only on the surface, not dig.

Humic sandy soil

  • Good features: heating is quick and long lasting; good ventilation and editing; Mineral keep satisfactory, the water-holding power as well. These properties include the humic sandy soil at the best crop soils.
  • Weak sides: Aushagerung during drought possible, unless it is very fine. Surface dries out quickly.
  • Improvement measures: cattle manure dig; Mineral however admit often only in small quantities for that. Use rotted manure or peat only as ground cover.

Loamy sand soil

  • Good features: Suitable for almost all cultures. Ventilation is good about. Mineral hold up better than in sandy soil, and the manure is better utilized.
  • Poor Features: Heats up slower than humic sandy soil. Moisture will not last long.
  • Improvement measures: Rather use cattle manure. Floor covering is important to prevent the drying out.

Sandy loam

  • Good features: suitable for almost all cultures; water-holding and water- rising power is good. Ventilation is adequate. Manure is well exploited.
  • Weak sides: With regular humus supply no bad qualities are recognizable.
  • Improvement measures: rather use limestone as quicklime.

Clay soil

  • Good features: water -holding and water rising power is very good; Mineral fertilizers are adequately recorded. Utilization of manure is very good. In case of heavy humus - feeding, he is one of the best arable land.
  • Weak sides: ventilation not very good; the warming in spring is slow and the processing is relatively difficult because it requires a lot of hack work.
  • Improvement measures: Ground cover prevents silting of the surface in rain and watering. Dig horse manure and regular limes with lime makes him better durchlüftbar.
  • Good features: nutrient salts are present
  • Weak sides: nutrient salts and water can be poorly absorbed by the roots, poorly ventilated, hard ( the processing is difficult)

Moorboden

  • Good features: can hold water well and is particularly suitable for bog and heath plants; Mineral fertilizers are very well kept, stable manure is not necessary.
  • Weak sides: Poorly ventilated and more acidic soil; often very cold, depending on Torfart nutrients.
  • Improvement measures: Depending on the layer thickness deep trenches ( = deep loosening, plowing up to 80 cm depth) to obtain a permeable surface. Much lime teach and work in coarse sand in the upper layer. Today Moore are vulnerable habitats, so that nature conservation aspects must be considered.
Soil type
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