ASCII-Art

ASCII art (English for ASCII art ) is an art movement that attempts to represent with letters, numbers and special characters of a non-proportional font small pictograms or entire images. On computers, the ASCII character set is suitable for this especially since it is available on almost all systems worldwide. Before the advent of computers, there was already the Typewriter type in which by means of a typewriter or teletype images were generated. The American Paul Smith applies here as an artistic pioneer.

Meanwhile, however, there are also specialized programs that facilitate the drawing and which can also make animations.

History

Before the introduction of graphics-capable personal computers, the ASCII art was the only way for the creation of image elements and illustrations, and especially in mailboxes widespread. There are only doing the 128 ASCII characters available, which means that, for example, umlauts and many special characters can not be used. Extensions to the ASCII character set to 256 characters are operating system - or country- specific and thus not globally applicable.

Early examples according to this scheme have already been created in the 1940s with mechanical typewriters in painstaking detail. Initially served to duplicate carbon paper and later photocopiers. A first highlight saw the genre with the spread of the Telegraph because the graphics where it is stored on paper tape and others could be sent, which in turn " mitlochen " the graphic at the reception on paper tape could. In the 1970s, the creation of large-format ASCII images was a popular pastime on mainframes.

ASCII art today

ASCII art is very common in signatures of emails or Usenet postings and comparable in the broadest sense with emoticons.

A variant of the ASCII art is the ANSI type in which can be generated using ANSI control codes on the computer screen, both colored and animated, based on the character set graphics. In contrast to the original ASCII art ANSI graphics can not usually be output to a printer.

An ASCII graphics should not be wider than 80 characters, as this is often the maximum number of letters per line is based on a text display (terminals) or line printers can be displayed correctly.

There is also a Perl script that is formatted in an ASCII graphics and the sequence itself in turn outputs an ASCII file.

A related methodology is the composition of large images by the selection of suitable small images for "pixel " as it is used as the Linux Image Montage Project ( LIMP).

Examples

General examples

______________ < > _ <> ( _______ ) | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | | [ ] [] |. --- | ' " ` | ---. ` oo --- oo- '` - oo ----- oo- ' ` -o --- o- ' o ` " O -OO -OO -O ' o ' freight train Examples from Usenet

In many non-trivial ASCII works, it is common to incorporate a signature in the graphic here SSt, symbol of an author. It is considered good form belonging to remove such signatures in a proliferation of graphics never, since ASCII art is considered by many authors as a copyrighted work. Whether and at what complexity or originality of such a work can be protected, is not clear.

____ , ; :: \ :: \ , '/', `/ ' ,` / _ \, '', -. - '. :. -. / " ' ::: \ / ::. , ____, __; : - : '-; ( `* ' O * ',.) \ .. `` --- '`' / . `: _ .. - _ '. , ;. `. / " ' | | \ ::. ) :: | "( \ | . : (_, :; \ '`- ' _ / / ` ..., _, ' |, |: | | ` | | | |, | | | , -, . ` | | ' .. -. /; ' " ';' .. - ) ). \: . ___ ( ___ ))) ' Sst `- ' - '' In order to prevent inflation increasing graphics in the signatures of Usenet posts, it is considered netiquettekonform automatically append not more than four lines. Hence the difficulty, with only relatively few characters to generate meaningful images, as in this four-line graphic representing a cat:

Single-line ASCII art can be installed as emoticons in text. An expressed by ASCII art zugeworfener red herring is a typical response to the contribution of a troll. It is intended to emphasize the worthlessness of his contribution:

< *))) > < Another example is the rose which is used as a text that have become flowers greeting:

@ > -} --- Schematics

Since it is not possible to Usenet often to attach binary files are used eg in electronics groups ASCII art for the representation of circuit diagrams. Thus, no external viewer or a browser plug-in is required. The following example shows a multivibrator ( astable multivibrator ):

. ---------- o ---------- o ----------------- o ---------. | | | | | |. -. R1. -. R2. -. R3. -. R4 | | | 25k | | 250k | | 250k | | 25k | | | | | | | | | | '-' C1 '-' '-' C2 '-' | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | O ---- | | ---- o ----. . ------ o --- | | ---- o | 9V | | | \ / | | | --- | \ / | - | 1n / 1n | | Q1 | / \ | Q2 | \ | / \ | / | 2N2222 | ------------- ' -------------- | 2N2222 | < | | > | | | | | | ' o ---------- -------------------------------------- ' There are no fixed rules, such as switching characters are perfectly presented in ASCII graphics. Depending on the space used as suitable as possible allusions, but also partly own inventions or older forms that do not meet today's standards, the easier to ASCII but are represented.

Another space-saving representation for the example above would be:

------- ---- ----- ---- | | | | | | 25k 250k 250k 25k | | | | | | 1N - -1n - 9V | \ / | | | X | | C / \ C | 2N2222 B - ---- B 2N2222 | E E | | | ' ------- --------------- As another example of the wiring of Scart cables ( fully executed versions see there):

- | Lines: conductive connection, cable Cross: diversion, associated junction node ) Bridge: not conductively connected intersection O shielding: shielding line for coated cable Example logic gate according to DIN 40700 ( before 1976 ) instead of the current IEC 60617-12

-. - | - \ | | * --- 2- NOR - | - / - ° In comparison, created with Logisim circuit diagram of a full adder and the corresponding ASCII art diagram.

O- --- |> o- | ~ \ | | | - | ----- | _ / - \ ~ \ O ) - | > - --- |> o- | ~ \ -) ----- | ~ \ - / _ / | | | - | | | | - | ----- | _ / - \ ~ \ | - |> O- | _ / | | | > -0 O-) - ) - - ) - |> O | ~ \ - / _ / -) - ) --- | ~ \ | | | | - | | | | ------ | ----- | _ / -) --- | _ / | | | ------------- ) - ) - | -) ----- | ~ \ | | | | - | ----- | _ / - \ ~ \ | | > -0 | - / _ / -------------- tablatures

→ See also: Modern Guitar Tablature #

ASCII tablature for guitar and bass also exist. The example shows the riff to Smoke on the Water, played by power chords.

E --------------------------------------------- B --------------------------------------------- G - 0 - 3 --- 5 --- 0-3 --- 6-5 --- 0-3 --- 5 --- 3-0 --- D - 0 - 3 --- 5 --- 0-3 --- 6-5 --- 0-3 --- 5 --- 3-0 --- A --------------------------------------------- e --------------------------------------------- writings

For ASCII art also includes the FIGlet fonts, which are available in numerous designs.

__________________________ ( ___ ) (__) / __ ) () ( ___ ) (__) / _ / __ ___ / / _ ) __ ) _) (_ ( ( _-. ) (__) __ ) ) (- / _ / _ \ / _ \ / __ / (__) ( ____) \ ___ / ( ____) ( ____) (__) / _ / \ ___ / _ / / _ / \ __ / When searching in Google for " ascii art " ( all lowercase letters) the Google logo was displayed as ASCII art:

____ / __ | _________ | | ___ | (_ / _ \ / _ \ / _ ` | _ - ) \ ___ \ ___ / \ ___ / \ __, | _ \ ___ | | ___ / Example 3D graphics

The Penrose Triangle

______________________________________ / \ \ / \ \ / \ \ / \ \ / \ \ / \ ___ \ \ ___ \ \ ___ \ \ ___ \ / \ _________________ \ \ / __ / _ / / / / / / \ \ \ / \ / _ / \ \ __ / \ / ___ / \ / ___ / \ \ \ __________ / / \ ___ \ / \ ___ \ \ \ \ / / / \ / __ / __ \ / / \ \ \ / / / \ / _ / \ \ / \ \ / ___ / \ \ \ / / / / \ __ / \ ___ \ \ \ / / / \ / _ \ / / \ \ / / / \ / _ / \ \ / ___ / \ / / / \ ___ \ \ / / \ / / \ / / \ / ___ / \ / ___ / interrupted continuous version version Three-dimensionality on the type of "magic eye "

Since 1996 there stereograms after the SIS or SIRDS method that usually works with horizontal periodically repeated point graphic patterns. This is also in ASCII, as a student (anonymised here, a bit removed) demonstrated in his Usenet signature:

There are programs that will convert ASCII graphics into images like graphics formats. This can be done by hand simply by making a screenshot of the window with the ASCII art.

Furthermore, there is convert ( aaplayer ), programs and program libraries, images and movies in ASCII images ( aalib ) or ASCII movies. An interpretation of the original graphic as a template for line management here is rather rare. Often the implementation of image brightness is realized by the surface coverage of the characters used. The program allows JavE example, by choosing different sets of characters as well as the change of brightness and contrast of the original spoofing of results of such conversion. Such automatic conversions usually produce very large images in small formats, quality without massive manual post-processing is based on image document usually less than satisfactory.

For ATI graphics cards under Windows there is in the use of OpenGL a so-called "Smart Shader " (a real-time calculation effect on shader - based ), which represents the rendered image data as ASCII art on the screen.

Video player as MPlayer and VLC Media Player in newer versions can play videos in colored ASCII characters.

Numerical digit Owl Advanced Packaging Tool ATI Technologies

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