Audioformat
An audio format is a data format that describes the structure of an audio file or an audio data stream.
Generally
Usually it is a format that describes the complete tone curve of an audio signal.
There are also audio files that do not contain complete sound. So-called music formats save only single notes and possibly information about the structure of sounds. Here are two formats to be distinguished: those that use no samples (eg MIDI), and those which are supplemented by samples, so-called tracker modules.
To save another approach audio data, the parametric audio coding dar. Some voice codecs use partially this approach, and with Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise ( HILN, MPEG -4 Parametric Audio Coding) is an audio format are then implemented and standardized.
Data reduction or data compression
If the data is compressed, so a distinction between lossless and lossy compressed formats. Uncompressed formats (usually PCM), lossless and lossy compressed formats can be accommodated but also together in so-called container files (AIFF, MP4, Matroska, Ogg, WAV and other ).
List of common audio formats
Uncompressed
- Linear pulse code modulation in various forms: Raw data (. Pcm )
- ( aif. , aiff. ,. aifc. ief, snd. ) in Audio Interchange File Format ( AIFF, container format )
- In Au - container (. au)
- In Resource Interchange File Format: RIFF WAVE ( container format ) (wav ).
- Compact Disc - Digital Audio
Compressed formats
Lossless
- Advanced Digital Audio ( ADA)
- Apple Lossless Audio Codec ( ALAC ), also: Apple Lossless Encoding Apple Lossless ( m4a, mp4. . )
- Bonk (codec)
- Dakx WAV
- Direct Stream Transfer (DST )
- Dolby TrueHD (extended MLP)
- DTS-HD - Optional lossless surround sound format for HD DVD and Blu- ray Disc, was previously known as DTS
- Entis Lab million
- Free Lossless Audio Codec (. Flac. Fla, if necessary. Ogg )
- Litewave
- LosslessAudio
- Lossless Predictive Audio Compression ( LPAC ) (. Pac )
- Lossless Transform Audio Compression ( LTAC )
- Marian's A- Pac
- Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP ), also Packed PCM ( PPCM )
- Monkey's Audio (. Ape. Mac )
- MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding ( MPEG -4 )
- OptimFROG (. Ofr [. Ofs ] )
- Original Sound Quality (. Osq )
- Pegasus PLC
- RealAudio Lossless (. Ra, in Matroska container, if necessary. Mka )
- RK Audio ( RKAU )
- Shorten (. Shn )
- SonArc
- Split2000
- The True Audio codec (. Tta )
- VocPack
- WavArc
- WaveZip / MUSICompress
- WavPack (. Wv )
- Windows Media Audio Lossless (. Wma)
Lossy data reduction
- Adaptive Differential (or Delta ) pulse code modulation (ADPCM ) ( depending on the container .aif / .aiff. Au, . Wav, etc.)
- . vox - Dialogic ADPCM
- ADX
- Adaptive Rate - Distortion Optimized sound Coder ( ARDOR )
- Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding ( ATRAC )
- DTS Coherent Acoustics (. Dts )
- Dolby Digital, or AC-3 also A/52 (. Ac3 )
- A-law ( depending on the container .aif / .aiff. Au, . Wav, etc.)
- μ -law ( depending on the container .aif / .aiff. au, . wav, etc.)
- MPEG 1/2/2.5 audio MPEG -1 Audio Layer 1 (. Mp1 )
- MPEG -1 Audio Layer 2 (. Mp2 )
- MPEG -1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3 ) (. Mp3)
- Advanced Audio Coding (. Aac,. Mp4,. M4a )
- High Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding ( HE- AAC), also aacPlus or AAC
- Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise ( HILN, MPEG -4 Parametric Audio Coding)
Voice codecs
- Advanced Multi - Band Excitation ( AMBE )
- Code Excited Linear Prediction ( CELP )
- Digital Speech Standard (DSS )
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec ( EVRC )
- FS -1015 (LPC -10)
- FS -1016 ( CELP )
- ITU-T standards: G.711 G.711a - A-law
- G.711u - μ -law
- G.723.1 (MPC - MLQ or ACELP )
- G.729a (reduced in complexity variant)
- G.729.1 ( broadband version)
- Full Rate Codec (FR)
- Half Rate Codec (HR)
- Enhanced Full Rate Codec ( EFR )
- Adaptive Multirate Codec (AMR ) (. Amr ) Adaptive multi-rate wideband (AMR -WB )