Auferstanden aus Ruinen
Rising from the ruins of the national anthem of the German Democratic Republic was (DDR ). The text of the anthem is by Johannes R. Becher, the melody composed by Hanns Eisler. From about 1972 until January 1990, the text was not officially sung.
Text
The text of the GDR national anthem was probably composed by Johannes R. Becher in October 1949. For occasionally expressed suspicions that he had resorted to this earlier seals from his Moscow exile, are found neither in his estate still in the cup utterances documents.
Cup was because a folk- "Peace Anthem " to dense that " [ and was ] sung by all of our people [ ... ] with passionate sympathy and the German people who live in the West" should appeal. That's why he turned against suggestions and criticism, the anthem was not aggressive enough.
Rising from the ruins And turned to the future, Let us serve you for the good, Germany, united fatherland. Old woes have to be conquered, And we force them together, Because they can not fail us, The fact that the sun is more beautiful than ever |: Seems over Germany. : |
Happiness and peace is allotted Germany, our fatherland. All the world longs for peace, Presented the nations your hand. When brothers we unite, We defeat the enemy nation! Let the light of peace seem That never a mother more |: Your son wept. : |
Let us plow, let us build us, Learn and work as never before, And the confidence and strength, A free generation up. German youth, the best pursuit Our people combined in thee, Are you going to Germany's new life, And the sun more beautifully than ever |: Seems over Germany. : |
The text of the anthem follows up on the last two lines, the meter of the Austrian Imperial anthem. He could therefore, subject to a slight reduction, are also sung to the melody of the song Germany, can be the same as the text of the song sung Germany reversed on Eisler melody.
Music
The music of the National Anthem composed by Hanns Eisler within a few days between late October and early November 1949 Eisler wanted to give a " truly humanistic expression " his music. "It may be nothing, jigsaw ', absolutely no military in this meaningful melody, but there must be a very worthy and very human tone to be found. "
Shortly after the premiere of the anthem of a plagiarism allegation was made in West German newspapers, which was until the 1990s rumored occasionally. Eisler should the first intervals of the anthem have hit the Goodbye Johnny by Peter Kreuder from the Hans -Albers- film Water for Canitoga taken from 1939. Kreuder hit actually has the same first eight tones, but also meets the other compositions like the song Joyful and sorrowful from Ludwig van Beethoven's incidental music to Egmont.
" In fact, the same first intervals of both melodies, there are also similar stepwise increasing Baßschritte higher at the beginning of the first phrase and the associated sequence structure of the melody. However, overlook was that Eisler had to rely on an invention by Peter Kreuder not, but - when he should have for ever somewhere ajar deliberately - on the same model from his song, The Cherry Thief ' or was able to draw from the first Pascal - setting, which had emerged already in the U.S.. "
During this confrontation, the one highlight in a newspaper article had the world on Sunday in 1958, Eisler was described as "musical propaganda chief Pankow ", the anthem itself was referred to as' Gully Ride- anthem " and" Eislerpampe ". What Eisler was actually inspired, is no longer detectable, as he has not himself expressed it. The concern of the legal representative Kreuder investigate any accusation of plagiarism that you have written Austrian Society of Authors, Composers and Publishers did not pursue. From Kreuder itself, there are no statements on this issue. The fact that the performance of Kreuder hit in the DDR have led to the present levied because they believed the national anthem will play, refers to the historian Heike Amos as a rumor that had appeared in the West German press in different variants.
Ulrich Günther wrote in 1966, according to eye and ear witnesses, the youth in the GDR sing the anthem with enthusiasm and placing it back outraged when Mature showed the similarity with the hit Goodbye Johnny.
Emergence of the anthem
Even before the founding of the GDR, there were reflections on a national anthem for the state to be established. Thus instructed, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED to talk on September 13, 1949 Anton Ackermann Johannes R. Becher, Hanns Eisler and the creation of a national anthem. When this happened, there is no evidence. On October 10, Wilhelm Pieck expressed in a letter to cup substantive proposals for the three verses that should have been the anthem in his opinion.
Two days later, on 12 October, mugs sent a first version of the text Ottmar Gerster with the request for setting. This version with four stanzas resembled the later hymn in form and content already very, but revised the text beaker several times over the next few weeks. He sent Gerster a corrected version, and it was November 4 identified as the date for an audition in Berlin. End of October 1949 met in Warsaw with cup Eisler, who had traveled to the celebration of the 200th anniversary of Goethe from Vienna.
He asked Eisler, in a setting of the text and mentioned that he had given this already other composers. In the afternoon of the same day they went together to Żelazowa Wola to the birthplace of Frédéric Chopin, where Eisler already played him a first version.
"I had now found a melody, and on the old wing of Chopin I played it before him. He was very surprised that it was done so quickly and said: "But we still need to consider in Berlin! [ ... ] Such things can only be done very quickly or not at all. " "
On November 4, the agreed prelude found in the "Club of creative artists " in the hunter street in Berlin-Mitte in the presence of high culture Bund officials instead. Both versions were played by the respective composers and sung by an improvised choir. The decision for the melody Eisler was not made until the following morning at a special Politburo meeting in Pieck's apartment after a re- presentation of both versions, this time of opera singers. Even in the afternoon of November 5 decided to raise the "German National Anthem " the Council of Ministers of the GDR, the Bechersche anthem with the melody of Eisler. On 8 February 1950, the Provisional People's Chamber in the presence of certain cups and Eisler anthem " Rising from Ruins" as the national anthem of the GDR.
Popularization of the national anthem
On November 6, 1949 together with the report of the Ministerial Decision lyrics and melody of the hymn appeared in the New Germany. The following day the new national anthem was listed on the official ceremony on the occasion of the 32nd anniversary of the October Revolution in the State Opera, which at that time resided at the Admiral Palace, for the first time publicly. In the following months, efforts were made to publicize the national anthem: it should be played at all official occasions, all school children should learn the anthem, there were events in schools and businesses. Since 14 November, all radio stations in the GDR played to the program start and end of the national anthem. Banners with text lines from the hymn appeared in public. The " German National Anthem " as she was often mentioned in publications of this time was within a short time known to a majority of the population, already by the end of 1949, the students dominated in the GDR text and melody. The historian Heike Amos concludes in her study that " large segments of the population, especially the youth, the new anthem faced positively and they accepted ."
In the 1950s and 1960s, the national anthem was in the GDR everyday life. In addition to formal occasions individual verses of the hymn were frequently quoted in speeches. Newspapers and radio further contributed to the spread. The national anthem was integrated into the curricula of music and German teaching in schools from 5th grade. From 1961 it began in the first class with the mediation of the national anthem. After singing all three verses of the National Anthem was an integral part of youth consecration celebrations, which forced the SED from the mid- 1950s as a rival to confirmation.
" Germany, holy fatherland "
On an autograph sheet music by Hanns Eisler, dated 7 November 1949, there are two text deviations. It is unclear whether these go back to Eisler or cup itself. The autograph is to be seen in the permanent exhibition of the German Historical Museum in Berlin. Here is the text of the first stanza:
Rising from the ruins And turned to the future, Let us serve you for the good, Germany, holy fatherland. Old woes have to be conquered, And we beat united, Because they can not fail us, The fact that the sun is more beautiful than ever |: Seems over Germany. : |
" Germany, united fatherland "
After the GDR was officially moved away from the reunification of Germany, the text of the national anthem was uncomfortable. In the early 1970s, the text therefore disappeared from the public, the anthem was only performed instrumental.
Turning time
After opening of the Wall on November 9, 1989, the East German citizens proclaimed on large-scale demonstrations such as the Monday demonstrations their reunion request by taking place in a regular repeating exclamation " Germany united fatherland " and "We are one people".
In January 1990, appeared in the GDR a press release that television and radio would send the anthem again with the text by Johannes R. Becher. The Press and Information Service of the East German government announced to the fact that instructions not to sing the text at official functions, would be lifted.
During the fall of 1990, it was proposed that Bertolt Brecht poem "Grace sparet not bother " (Children's Hymn ), for which there is a setting of Eisler to make the German national anthem. Also this text follows the meter of the Austrian Imperial anthem. During the negotiations on the unification treaty struck Lothar de Maizière, Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic, before, with the cup - text Rising to supplement the third verse of the song Germany from the ruins. None of the proposals were implemented.
Confusion
As President Roman Herzog during his state visit to Brazil on 23 November 1995 came to Porto Alegre, the band played the Police Academy as an anthem of his country Risen from the ruins. This anthem was accidentally played well at the awards ceremony for which Meier Markus (giant slalom) at the World Ski Championships 1985 in Bormio.