Automotive lighting#Dipped beam .28low beam.2C passing beam.2C meeting beam.29

The low beam is part of the prescribed vehicle lighting on vehicles.

Design and function

The dipped beam (formerly also driving light ) is used to illuminate the road ahead of the vehicle and to be seen. For the headlights of motor vehicles also contain a status light that always mitleuchtet and ensures that the vehicle is still recognized as such in case of failure of the low beam of oncoming traffic.

In contrast to the main beam, the illumination goes so far as possible, the illuminated surface rather low beam ends at the front of the vehicle so as not to blind oncoming traffic. Duly, the illuminated by motor vehicles in the area 100 times the distance of the height of the headlights must end before the vehicle - the light cone must have a einprozentiges gradient. With a mounting height of 65 cm so the light reaches 65 m wide.

The low beam is often generated in a common headlights for low beam and high beam. But are dual filament bulbs ( the common name BILUX lamp is a brand name of OSRAM ) whose Abblendglühwendel is by a sheet metal panel partially shielded. The aperture plate is in the installed state of the coil, so that the radiating light upward through the headlamp reflector is directed as a fan of light downwards onto the road.

Low beam comes today in motor vehicles the roadway usually asymmetrically from - in countries with right-hand traffic, the right side is more illuminated, with left-hand traffic left. This oncoming vehicles to be dazzled, but also the right-hand side of the road is clear for the driver to perceive at the roadside pedestrians, cyclists or even wild earlier. This thought to dazzle oncoming vehicles less, fails when trails are released for left-sided use.

The asymmetry can be generated by additional ( diagonal ) pattern in the lens of the headlamp and / or by a corresponding shape of the reflector ( in modern headlamps with free-form reflectors). In two- filament bulbs old technology (without halo) and the steel panel inside the lamp is specially shaped. The asymmetrical dipped beam was introduced in Germany in 1957,

For headlamp with outside lens, this area must be covered with a suitable foil so that vehicles, their headlights are designed for right-hand traffic, when traveling in countries with left-hand traffic (and vice versa ) does not dazzle oncoming traffic. In some vehicles, an adjustment can also be made through an adjustment to the lamp insert.

Vehicles with street cleaning, as well as trams often have no asymmetrical passing beam, as this contrary to the usual direction of traffic are often on the road and an asymmetrical passing beam would then dazzle oncoming traffic.

Legal definition in road traffic in Germany and EU

The glare is considered resolved if the illuminance at a distance of 25 m in front of each headlight on a plane is perpendicular to the road at the height of headlamp center and also not more than 1 lx. If the highest point on the illuminating surface of the lamp (paragraph 3, sentence 2) more than 1200 mm above the road surface, the illuminance under the same conditions above a height of 1000 mm 1 lx must not exceed. For headlamps whose mounting height exceeds 1400 mm, the light-dark boundary must not exceed 15 m in front of the headlights are only half as high as the headlamp center. For headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam, the 1 -Lux - limit may rise from the center of the headlight corresponding point at an angle of 15 degrees to the right, unless otherwise provided for in international agreements or legal acts pursuant to § 21a. The headlamps must illuminate the road so that the illuminance at a distance of 25 m before reaching the headlights perpendicular to the incident light at 150 mm above ground level at least, the values ​​given in paragraph 5. Pairwise used headlights for high and low beams must be set up so that they can be dimmed only simultaneously and uniformly.

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