Avena strigosa

Sand oats

The sand oats or Rau - oat (Avena strigosa ) is an ancient, now little more grown crop in the genus oats (Avena ) of grasses. It was grown as a crop in areas where the oat (Avena sativa ) is no longer thrives.

Features

The sand - oat is an annual plant of blue-green color and sometimes heavily frosted. The stalks are 40 to 120, rarely to 150 cm high, they are bald and have three to five knots.

The leaf sheaths are glabrous, the lower are hairy scattered. The ligule is a membranous border of 2 to 5 mm in length. The leaf blade is 8 to 25, rarely up to 40 cm long, 5-10 cm wide, rough and spread flat.

The inflorescence is a panicle 8-30 cm long, which is up to 10 inches wide, upright, loose and is usually einseitwendig. The spikelets are two flowered, rarely one or dreiblütig. Without awns they are 16 to 24 mm long, at maturity they do not disintegrate. The glumes are almost the same size, have 7-9 nerves and are as long as the spikelet. Lower glume is slightly shorter than the upper one. They are lanceolate, pointed, bare and membranous. The lemmas are seven annoying. Up to the top of the page rag, without Seitengrannen, they are 12 to 17 mm long, lanceolate and deeply notched at the top. The two side flaps ever walk in a 3-9 mm long awn from. You are bald, some slightly hairy in upper half, to maturity, they are brownish to blackish, shiny and thick. On the back below the middle she wears a awn, which is 20 to 30 mm long, geniculate and twisted in the lower part. The palea are 10 to 14 mm long. The dust bags are from 2.5 to 4 mm long. Bloom time is June to August.

The fruits ( caryopses ) are 7-8 mm long and hairy.

The chromosome number is 2n = 14

Dissemination and locations

The sand oats is originally distributed in Western Europe. Today he can be found in Western, Central and Eastern Europe.

The sand - oat growing today mostly as a weed in oat fields, but also occurs on dumps and on paths. In many areas of its former cultivation he has disappeared again today.

In Germany the way in Schleswig-Holstein is endangered, extinct in Hesse, missing or inconsistent in the other provinces. It is classified as fickle nature, or as a crop. In Austria the sand oats is scattered to very rare and has been proven for the provinces of Burgenland, Vienna, Lower Austria and Upper Austria, Styria and Salzburg. There are not sufficient data for Switzerland, where the sand is considered pure oat crop.

Use

The sand oats were grown to about the end of the 19th century, especially in Western Europe in areas that are no longer suitable for the oat. Examples are the mountains of Wales or the islands of the west and north of Scotland. Use was made as in oat.

Trivial names

Another German -language common names and the names acorn oats, wild oats, Purhafer (Mecklenburg), robbery oats ( lower Weser ), pointed oat and Swarthafer ( Lower Weser ) are or have been, in part only regionally, related.

Documents

In addition to the sources listed in the detailed records of the products based on the following documents:

• H. J. Conert: Pareys grasses book. Identify and determine the grasses Germany. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, Berlin, Vienna, 2000, pp. 192, ISBN 3-8263-3327-6