Avena

Wild Oat (Avena fatua ), panicle

Oats (Avena ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family of grasses ( Poaceae ). For oats as a crop see oat.

Description

This bluegrasses are annual herbaceous plants. The stalk is hollow and round. Oats differs from other cereals in the form of the fructification, which is designed as panicle and not as ear, which shows that he is in the scheme far away from other cereals. In contrast to the other Nutzgetreidearten the oats are missing the auricles. The ligule ( ligule ) are narrow to medium in size, fringed and perforated.

Dissemination

The original site of the genus ranges from the Canary Islands over north-west Africa and Spain through the Mediterranean to the Middle East, of that there is Ethiopia. Most biological species occur in southern Spain and northwest Africa.

Species

There are about 23 species in this genus. Here is a selection:

  • Avena abyssinica Hochst.; Home: Ethiopia.
  • Bart oat (Avena barbata Pott ex Link ); Home: North Africa, Southern Europe, Asia, America, South Africa and Australia introduced.
  • Short - oats (Avena brevis Roth), occurs on the Canary Islands, the Azores and Madeira and was rarely cultivated in Spain, Portugal, France and Great Britain, in Central Europe.
  • Mediterranean oat (Avena byzantina K.Koch ), occurs as far as India and North-West Africa to the Mediterranean region, the Near East and Central Asia.
  • Wild Oat (Avena fatua L.); Home: Europe, Asia, arrives in South Africa, North America, Mexico, Australia and New Zealand before introduced.
  • Avena longiglumis Durieu; comes in Portugal and Spain before wild.
  • Naked oats (Avena nuda L.); grown from Portugal to the UK and Germany, is in North, Central and Eastern Europe cereal weeds.
  • Oat (Avena sativa L.), as "Genuine oats " called, only in culture.
  • Avena saxatilis ( Lojac. ) Rocha Afonso; Home: Aeolian Islands, Marettimo, Linosa.
  • Tauber oat (Avena sterilis L.); Home: Canary Islands, North Africa, Ethiopia, Southern Europe, Western Asia.
  • Sand oat (Avena strigosa Schreb. ), Origin: Canary Islands, North Africa, the Mediterranean, Southwest Asia, is grown in south-western and western Europe, otherwise rare in North, Central and Eastern Europe.

Use

The oat is mainly used as animal feed, as well as food in the form of oatmeal. For use in medicine, various extracts obtained from oats ( for details see the article Oat ).

Pooideae
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