Aviation

As aviation (including aviation ) is defined as the transport of persons or goods through the atmosphere without a fixed connection to the surface.

The term includes any person, company, activities and sub -regions (whether on the ground), relating to the operation of aircraft. He is in the German language also takes aeronautics for the engineering field that uses air and space technology. Legally, the term is used aviation, see Air Traffic Act.

Word origin

Aviation is derived from the Latin word avis ' bird '. The same origin has in French and English aviation the word " aviation " means also.

Airships drive ( they do not fly ): Aero Static forces keep them in the air, while planes fly by aerodynamic forces.

From the time when airships, but no aircraft were (ie 19th century), the concepts of aviation and aeronautics originate (French aéronautique, English aeronautics. ) - Both based on airships, balloons or airships, for example. The term aeronautics, however, largely disappeared from common usage.

Occasionally the word is Aviation ( with English pronunciation ) is used as a foreign word in German; For example, Lufthansa called " Aviation Group."

Distinctions on the application

There are two different areas or types of aviation:

Civil Aviation

The civil aviation can be divided into:

  • Commercial aviation
  • General Aviation

Military Aviation

This applies to any flight operations with military aircraft or military purposes.

Distinction on principle

In aerospace, is further classified into two types according to the type of lift:

  • Heavier than air (dynamic buoyancy): Aircraft and Helicopter
  • Lighter than air (static buoyancy): balloons, airships (Zeppelin as the most famous representative)

There are also so-called hybrid airships that make both types buoyancy advantage.

International aviation

For the coordination in international aviation numerous conventions have been concluded (eg the Chicago Convention ). The uniform alphabet the ICAO alphabet was set for aviation. Times are always specified in UTC.

Others

  • Lately wins especially in military affairs in the unmanned aerospace importance.
  • The share of aviation on the global CO2 emissions from transport was according to the IPCC in 1999, about 12%. The proportion of all global CO2 emissions is approximately 2.4%.
  • The share of aviation on the global greenhouse effect is in accordance with an IPCC study 3.5%.
Good (economics) Aerodynamics Balloon (aircraft) History of unmanned aerial vehicles Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change History of aviation Timeline of aviation Integrated Authority File
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