Awning

An awning is a attached to an object frame construction with covering, which also serves as sun, heat, glare and property protection. They can also be used, depending on the type and equipment, as sight and rain protection. Awnings fall within the range of roller shutter, blinds and sun protection industry.

• 3.1 out of acrylic awning fabric
• 3.2 awning fabric made ​​of PVC
• 3.3 awning covers made ​​from polyester
• 3.4 Processing of awning fabrics
• 3.5 Volant

History of the awning

Even in ancient times it is said to have given today's awning similar sun protection systems. Middle of the 18th century won the awning in France increasing popularity. The term awning is derived from the French word for noble lady, Marquise, from. According to tradition, always the sun protection system should have been extended into an army camp when the wife of the officer was present. In the following centuries, the simple sun protection clothing developed to today's awnings. With more and more technological innovations, awnings today are high-tech products.

Types of awning

A distinction is made between three types of awnings. The roll awning, in which the cloth can be rolled up on a canvas shaft, the folding awning that is moveable but has no roller tube and the fixed - awning that can not be changed in shape and spread.

Basket awning

The basket awning is the easiest awning construction. It usually consists of a quarter circle to the bent frame, but also often triangular, mainly of aluminum, which may be fixed (rigid) or folded and is covered with awning fabric. In the Netherlands, basket awnings are also made ​​of many micro-enterprises of wood. In this variety of awning also polygonal shapes are possible. This awning can often be seen in front of shops or cafes. Due to the curved shape they can absorb forces well and is therefore applicable even at high wind loads and, using suitable cloths, as rain protection. In the Benelux and Northern Germany this type of awning is still in high demand by consumers.

Drop arm awnings

The drop arm awning is a simple roll- awning construction and is often applied as shading and privacy protection in front of windows. The towels are in many cases not entirely light-tight, so that although they serve as a glare, but still let light into the room. The cloth is on a roller tube and is brought by two or more arms that are attached to the lower end of the front rail, to failure. Through springs in or on the arms the required tensile force is applied. Depending on the length and mounting height of the drop arms of the swivel range 90 to 140 degrees can be. With swivel range 140 to 180 degrees, the pulling forces needed to bend your arms straight back, are extremely high. The canopy ( awning fabric ) might be impaired because the seams would be heavily burdened with so large inclination angles. The awning can be operated electrically by means of lying in the fabric roller tubular motor or manually through the gearbox and crank.

Case awning / vertical awning / Vertical awning

The case is similar to the drop arm awning awning, with the only difference that the cloth, guided by guide ropes or rods, vertically running down. The weight of the drop profile, which sits at the end of the cloth is sufficient to pull the cloth down.

Markisolette

The Markisolette is a combination of vertical and drop arm awning. The cloth first moves vertically from its upper end position down, and then, like a drop arm awning over the arms is off. This construction is often in public buildings such as schools or hospitals to be found.

Folding arm awnings

The folding arm awning the awning fabric from two or more arms of the roller tube is pushed away ( a grooved tube made ​​of steel). Characterized a horizontal failure of the awning fabric is possible, but usually a slight inclination is adjusted. The basic design consists mostly of aluminum. The arms are set with steel or gas pressure springs under tension, press the cloth when extending outward and hold it taut. During retraction of the spring force must be counteracted. Therefore, the retraction requires more effort than the extension. Awnings are mainly used as solar and heat protection in both the private and commercial sector. Due to their construction, they are only up to a certain failure, ie, how far they extend, apply ( up to 400 cm). There are designs of folding arm awnings, whose arms have up to five meters failure. The width of a single awning is usually up to 7-8 meters. But there may be several awnings are coupled together. The inclination of the awning can be varied as desired. The awning is screwed on consoles with the masonry or other supporting structure ( rafters, balcony slab, etc.). Not designed for visor arm awnings must be retracted ( by wind monitor ) at ( greater ) rain or wind, as they may be damaged due to the leverage effect otherwise. Where the damage the awning is the smallest einzuschätzende itself yet; Rather, it mainly damage to the supporting structure (masonry) must accept in the shade areas of up to 30 m². If they are used as rain gear, the pitch of the awning must be set (at least 15 ° ) that can not form puddles from the rain water that can damage because of its weight and the leverage of the awning and especially the masonry. Special rain awnings are designed so that they provide even at lower inclination ( less than 15 degrees) for a safe and efficient drainage. In these models, is to pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions, in which inclination a water pocket formation is excluded. Nearly all blinds can be fastened both to a wall and to a ceiling (eg balcony). You must be connected to the wall / ceiling, they that work by leveraging large forces. (Example: An awning with a width of 700 cm and a loss of 400 cm reached at a wind speed of about 5-6 ( Beaufort ) a leverage of about 5000 Nm.) The leverage is on the consoles directly into near Armbefestigungen attached is transferred to the underlying masonry.

A distinction is made between "open arm awnings ", in which the fabric roller is open visibly attached ( some with roof for weather protection ), and "closed or cassette folding arm awnings ", in which the roller tube and the articulated arms protection (box, cassette) is to protect the investment in the retracted position against the weather. Besides these two main types there are " intermediate solutions ", such as the so-called " sleeve awning " or " cloth cassette awnings ", in which only the cloth shaft is protected by a kind of aluminum sleeve, while the articulated arms are exposed under the sleeve.

The awning is driven either via a gearbox, which is moved by a connecting rod or tube by a motor, which is inserted into the shaft. In the latter case, wind, sun and even rain sensors can be integrated for secure and automatic operation. The user control can also be realized wirelessly over Wi-Fi and smartphone.

Clamp awning

The terminal is a special drop arm awning canopy, wherein the tensioning rods to the two outer sides of the awning between the floor and ceiling are clamped. These two tension rods then take the tube to the awning cloth. This design is commonly seen on rental properties, since the clamping awning is very cost effective and can be removed residue-free after installation.

In principle there are two different variants of the drive a clamp awning. Firstly, a worm gear can be actuated at the cloth shaft by means of a connecting rod, on the other hand can be operated by means of a small handle at the one tie rod internal chain drive.

Sunshade sail

A sunshade sail is a stable cloth of a sturdy material such as acrylic, which serves as an umbrella of shading terraces, gardens and buildings. Already the Colosseum in Rome was with such a canvas tarpaulin, the Velarium equipped. However, the special design also allows for use as a privacy screen. It is similar because of its properties to a tarpaulin, but has a different purpose.

The sail is attached to its vertices by hooks, as on walls, poles or specific to an anchor in the ground. Turnbuckles, wire rope hoists and simplify in many constructions while the tightening or removing the sail. There are also electrical or mechanical roll-up awning constructions.

Solar sails are available in different shapes and colors. By combining different sailing colorful, artful shading are often created.

The production of solar panels has been developed by different sectors separately:

• Nautical sailmakers

• Membrane

• Awning fabric clothing Awning in the garden

Cable tension awning

Tension awning is a sail, which led by running hook is suspended from stainless steel cables. That or the solar panels are tensioned between two parallel stainless steel wires slightly displaced laterally - an oblique suspension of the sail (ropes stretched at different heights ) also allows a raincoat. The sail can also be perpendicular to only a stainless steel rope out above.

Advantage over the use of metal eyelets is the rapid decrease of the sail by unscrewing the barrel hook out of the guide rope.

Suitable for all glass -roofed canopies than interior shading or between buildings or wooden frame ( pergola ) as the sun, privacy and rain protection. This sunscreen should always be mounted protected as can occur with wind movements because of the missing cloth overvoltage damage at the seams by hitting the blind

The awning is usefully made ​​of a textile polyester fabric, which also can be easily folded and terms of the material UV stable.

Conservatory awning

The conservatory awning is a special of awning for shading conservatories. The awning fabric is gas pressure elements, rope, chain or belt hoists retracted from and and guided in lateral or underlying rails. This becomes hazardous to the glass surface rockers the extended shading is prevented. The Wintergartenmakise prevents the glass oasis will not become a hothouse.

The awning fabric

Awning fabric made from acrylic

The acrylic awning fabric is made ​​of yarn -dyed cloth, ie the yarn is dyed during the spinning process and is highly fade-resistant. It is mainly used for sun and heat protection and often used in folding arm awnings and conservatory. The impregnation they are conditionally dirt -resistant and weatherproof. Above all, it is resistant to ultraviolet light, which gives him an advantage against all other substances. They are available in different colors and patterns. Above all, however, the range of solid colors and in Northern Europe predominantly striped pattern. However, France and Southern Europe also knows many print designs, which are, however, inferior to that of the color fastness forth the multi stripes. The majority of today's awning fabrics is made ​​up of cloth webs with a width of 120 cm. Earlier, when folding arm awnings were still a rarity, they had mainly drop arm awnings with cloths made ​​of seamless fabric. This resulted in the failure of the awning through the woven cloth width. Were usually made from 150cm, 210cm and 310cm wide output goods. This is more of a rarity these days.

Awning fabric made ​​of PVC

For awning covers made ​​of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), it is cloths that are used eg for awnings that are exposed all the time the weather ( basket awnings, awnings, special rain awnings). For movable awnings are used with a PVC coated polyester fabric, as a pure PVC cloth could break when rolling or folding. Rigid basket awnings, however, are covered with a clear PVC cloth, which is cheaper. There are towels that are opaque and others who have a coarser fabric, so that still shines some light. They are weather resistant and dirt repellent, among other things. PVC fabrics are environmentally friendly and can be recycled to 100 %.

Awning covers made ​​from polyester

Awnings can be made of polyester fiber. This must be but to suitably protected against UV radiation, because otherwise can not achieve a sufficient fatigue resistance and color fastness. Because of the higher strength of the polyester fiber compared with the acrylic material can be provided more easily and more tear-resistant.

Processing of awning fabrics

If a few years ago put twice the awning fabric and sewn with two parallel seams of about 1.5 cm width in the safe stitching or chain stitch, today also various adhesive techniques are used. There is on the one hand, the variant that a colorless adhesive is applied as a liquid or tape. A second variant, the thermal bonding together of the two sides of fabric, this being done without adhesives or other chemicals, usually in a high frequency welding method (HF). Where the awning fabric is double layered, it appears dark against light. Awnings bonded found in recent years in spite of higher manufacturing expenses increasing proliferation, because the traditional seams with the increased UV radiation suffer amplified and therefore have all the components of the awning, the shortest life.

Valance

The valance is used usually in open arm awnings or awnings with canopy. He hides the visible to the front arm technology. Especially when the sun is low, the valance may have added shade. When completely closed articulated- cassette awnings no valance is recommended because it is at these plants by wind influences more moves ( back and forth strikes ) and the lower valance ends therefore wear out faster. Once in the past decades, some very elaborate valance designs were offered ( Fransen, trapezoidal pattern, etc.) have in the private sector of the corrugated valance and business unit in the straight valance ( here often printed with the company name ) enforced.

As an optional extra awnings there is also a roll-out and flounces ( " Shadow Plus ", " Variovolant " ) that allow the sunlight to regulate any of the front. Also protect these flounces of faster cooling down, light wind and prying eyes.

Ruffles sewn from fabric panels and / or with sewn binding tape should not be washed in the washing machine, even if this is actually possible. Thus, the seams are destroyed and stain-resistant coating removed. With some water and a soft detergent to stains can brush off without damaging the wheel. To prolong the life of the ruffles, it should be outside the sun intense times removed from the awning frame and mounted at the beginning of the Sun Period again.