Axel Fredrik Cronstedt

Axel Frederic von CRONSTEDT ( born December 23, in 1722 in Ströpsta, community Nykvarn; † August 19, 1765 in Stockholm) was a Swedish chemist.

Life and achievements

CRONSTEDT enrolled in 1738 as a student at Uppsala University a. Initially he studied mathematics on his father's request in order to pursue a military career later. Johan Gottschalk Wallerius sparked his interest in mineralogy, he devoted himself from then on. In 1742, he began as a novice at the mining authority in Sweden, where he was continuously entrusted with the higher posts. His appointment as head of the eastern and western mining areas of the country he had in 1758 reached the zenith of his career. Already in 1753 he was inducted as a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences. Cronstedts valuable mineral collection later bought the Danish squire Tönnes Christian Bruun - Neergaard.

In 1751 he succeeded the initial pure representation of the element nickel. This was done by extraction from Rotnickelkies. The name he gave the element nickel, 1754.

CRONSTEDT 1756 coined the term zeolite ( see zeolite group ).

Portrait medal

Selected Works

  • Inträdes Valley, Om Medel til Mineralogiens vidare Förkofran. Hållit conveyor Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps academies, the February 9, 1754, Stockholm
  • Forsök til mineralogy, mineral - eller Riketes Upställning. 1758, Stockholm
  • Attempt at a new mineralogy. 1760, Copenhagen ( translation G. Wiedeman )
  • An Essay Towards A System Of Mineralogy. 1770, London (Translation Gustav von Engeström )
  • Attempt to mineralogy. 1780, Leipzig ( translation and extensions of Abraham Gottlob Werner)
  • Outline of a Salzburg region mineralogy. or brief display of the most famous fossils of the Salzburg mountains. After Werner 's translation of Cronstedts Mineralogy sorted. 1786, Salzburg
  • An Essay Towards A System Of Mineralogy. In Two Volumes. 1788, London ( 2nd edition)

Source

  • Encyclopedia of Natural Sciences ( CD -ROM; 's note: Rolf Sauermost, edition: Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2000). Direct Media, Berlin 2004, article " CRONSTEDT, Axel Frederik " ... discovered in 1751 in the Rotnickelkies (1754 as cited by him) nickel and recognized its magnetic properties; 1752 was the description of a tungsten ore, the ( later called " heavy stone " as scheelite ) Tungsten he called; resulted in chemical analysis and in 1758 the blowpipe into the mineralogy; coined the term mineral " zeolite " and different than the first so far as chemically identical prestigious substances graphite and galena.
Nykvarn Municipality Nordisk familjebok Integrated Authority File
5281
de