Baccalauréat

The French Baccalauréat ( informal short form Bac, analogous to " Abi " ) is roughly equivalent to the Abitur or Matura. Strictly speaking, it is, although only conclusion a higher secondary education, as first degrees in France, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia understood; the Examination Board shall be chaired by a university professor before.

Different types of Baccalauréat

There are three different types of baccalauréat:

• Baccalauréat général with three disciplines ( filières ): Literature and Philosophy ( Bac L - littéraire ), natural science ( Bac S - scientifique ) and social sciences ( Bac ES - économique et social)
• Baccalauréat technique with eight disciplines such as hotel, medical and social professions, laboratory occupations ...
• Baccalauréat professionnel with over 50 disciplines of plastic foundry auto mechanics to a sole trader.

The Düsseldorf-based education researcher Rainer Bölling specifies the following data:

As for the comparability of the notes in this " French Central High School ," Bolling is critical:

Permission to study

All these baccalauréat entitle the holder to study at a French university or Grande école, so the theory goes. Since the Baccalauréat is considered the first academic degree, it can at French universities no admission restrictions ( numerus clausus ) give. The Grandes Écoles but keep Concours - ie selection - from, on the one normally after the Baccalauréat with two years préparatoire prepared in a class. However, grandes écoles open more and more for candidates who have no academic training. Here, the "acquis professionnels " can be used, ie the professional career of the candidate. The administrative elite high school ENA moves according to this pattern.

Recognition of the Baccalauréat

Germany

The problem of recognition of the baccalauréat in Germany is relatively complex. The Conference of Ministers of Education in 1986 put a catalog firm, have to comply with the foreign products in order to be recognized as a university entrance qualification in Germany ( about six compartments, including two languages, mathematics, something social, etc.).

But the Baccalauréat général meets all these requirements and is therefore recognized as unrestricted general higher education. Both the baccalauréat techniques as well as the baccalauréat professionnels qualify generally not fully applicable to study at a German university.

The Baccalauréat in Belgium and Canada

In Belgium and Canada, the Baccalauréat is not completed secondary education, but an academic degree that is awarded after a minimum of three years of higher education (eg Bachelier ès Arts, BACHELIERE en Sciences médicales ).

Term differences

The French term Bachelier corresponds to the journeyman or the Latin Baccalaureus. The relatively new academic degree is called Bachelor.

The German Baccalaureate, also bachelor, about engl. bachelor, is a college degree, the right to wear the title of bachelor. The theological baccalaureate ends with the completion of the degree Baccalaureus Theologiae seu divinitatis. It is identical to the Bachelor, followed by more.