Bacterial Artificial Chromosome

BAC ( bacterial artificial chromosome Sheet ) is an artificial chromosome that was developed from the single-copy plasmid F of the bacterium Escherichia coli.

BACs are used as vectors, and allow, in contrast to the cosmids and plasmids, the cloning of larger genome segments. It comprises the known as the λ - CoSn and P1 loxP site cleavage sites and two cleavage sites for restriction enzymes ( Hind III and Bam HI ) and several GC - interfaces, such as SfiI and NotI. Using the BAC is approximately possible to construct RNA probes and it is especially suitable for introduction of genome segments in E. coli. BACs can reach a size of about 300 kbp and are extremely stable (> 100 generations). Wang et al. created in 1995 with the help of a rice BAC genomic library with average Insertionslängen of 125 kbp. The development of recombineering technology today allows fast and accurate BAC modifications, for example, to generate a knock-out mouse.

The BAC is based on the development of the PAC.

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