Bailleul (Nord)
Bailleul ( Belle Dutch ) is a commune with 14,517 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011) in the department of Nord, in the Nord -Pas -de -Calais. It belongs to Arrondissement Dunkerque, is the capital of the cantons Bailleul- Nord-Est and Bailleul- Sud-Ouest and the seat of the municipal association Monts de Flandre - Plaine de la Lys
- 3.1 Economic Activities
- 3.2 traffic
Geography
Bailleul is near the Belgian border between the cities of Lille and Dunkirk in the former French Flanders, ie in the far north of France. The city itself is located at 44 m above sea level. M., and together with the city proper comprises 43.42 km ² municipal area three major Weiler: La Crèche (17 m asl. ) And Steent'je south of the city, in the (18 m asl. ) level of the Lys (French: Lys), and Outtersteene to the east, directly on the border with Flanders (25 m asl. ).
History
1526 Flanders fell by the Treaty of Madrid in the Spanish Netherlands. During the reign of Philip II made his first religious problems between Flanders and Spain. In the 17th century, Flanders was a permanent battlefield. Louis XIV conquered Flanders back. This Bailleul in 1678 fell back to France.
With the Treaty of Utrecht Flanders fell and thus Bailleul 1713 Austria before both in 1745 finally arrived after the battle of Fontenoy and the Peace of Aachen to France. Numerous fires shaped the history of the city.
From the 17th to the 19th century, the clapper Crafts ( Lace Museum " La Maison de la Dentelle "), a craftsmanship, for which the city is known far beyond its borders even today developed in Bailleul.
At the end of World War Bailleul was destroyed with its old Flemish city core at the memorable battle in Operation Georgette from April 13, 1918, more than 90 percent. The city was rebuilt during the 20th century in neuflämischem style. A typical example of the spread throughout Flanders style is the town hall from 1932 with its bell tower.
Demographics
Economy and infrastructure
Industries
The Ballungsbgebiet to Lille, located in the Bailleul, is traditionally an important center of textile industry. In the Middle Ages, especially from the 12th to the 14th century, Bailleul was very well known for its red cloths, made with English wool. From the 16th century the wool was more and more replaced with linen, which was cultured from the flax plants in the vicinity of the city. As a result, the city developed a reputation for producing top (cloth ) (18th and 19th c.). 1664 the first school was opened for the learning of lacemaking. In 1789 there were in the city itself and the surrounding area more than a thousand so-called Dentellières ( lacemaking ). The success of this handiwork lasted until the mid 19th century, before it was superseded by the emerging factory work. Today, this handicraft is practiced in Bailleul by only a few people as arts and crafts.
In the city there is a factory of food giant Danone.
Traffic
Bailleul is conveniently moderately well developed. The national road N 42 leads from Boulogne -sur -Mer and Saint -Omer by Bailleul and ends here. In addition, the city lies on the European Route 42, which leads, among others, of Dunkirk ( Dunkerque ) to Lille. On public transport Bailleul is also connected by a rail link, which leads north to the south and Lille to Dunkirk and Calais.
Personalities
- Séverine Caneele ( born 1974 ), actress
- Emmanuel Schotte (born 1958 ), actor
- Marguerite Yourcenar (1903-1987); Writer, member of the Académie Française
Twinning
The partnership between Bailleul and the North Rhine-Westphalian Werne has existed since September 28, 1968.
- The village of Yaka in the Kara region in Togo is supported by Bailleul.