Barbizon school

The Barbizon school was formed by a group of French landscape painter middle of the 19th century. The artist held in the village of Barbizon in the forest of Fontainebleau. This is not a school in the strict sense. The painter went for neither a uniform aesthetic nor a fixed school structure. What united them, rather, was the rejection of academic teaching in favor of direct access to nature.

The Art Colony, which was founded in 1830 by Théodore Rousseau and lasted until about 1870, a major influence on landscape painting in Europe, notably the Impressionists.

Characterization

Instead required by the classical canon images with historical, religious or mythological themes, the representative of the school of Barbizon painted small-format landscapes. Characteristic of the school was the turn for the realistic depiction of nature in contrast to the classical idealistic landscape composition. This new view of the already over -conducting Paysage Impressionism was intimate a hallmark of the group.

Since fewer the move to a particular destination, but rather the abandonment of academic classicism was the unifying element of the group, the painter distinguished by their respective view.

In contrast to classical studio painting, the artist first made ​​sketches outdoors and exhibited their works later in the studio ready.

While most of the paintings are seen nowadays characterized as rather sentimental, some applicable at the time of origin because of their social realism as a radical, for example, the image Gleaners by Jean -François Millet.

Precursor

Suggestions found the painter in the contemporary English landscape painters John Constable and JMW Turner and the Dutch landscape painters of the 17th century, especially Meindert Hobbema and Jacob van Ruisdael Izaaksoon.

Impacts and Influences

The Barbizon school had a decisive influence on the Impressionists. This went often looking for places for their plein-air painting in the forest of Fontainebleau, where they met the painters of Barbizon. Camille Pissarro was a pupil of Corot, who was regarded at that time as the leading landscape painters of France.

Key members of the group

  • Théodore Rousseau (1812-1867), founder of the group
  • Antoine -Louis Barye (1795-1875)
  • Jean Birotte (1809-1893)
  • Karl Bodmer (1809-1893)
  • Jules Breton (1827-1906)
  • Louis Cabat (1823-1889)
  • Ferdinand Chaigneau (1830-1906)
  • Albert Charpin (1842-1924)
  • Antoine Chintreuil (1814-1873)
  • Jean -Baptiste Camille Corot (1796-1875)
  • Charles -François Daubigny (1817-1878)
  • Alexandre- Gabriel Decamps (1803-1860)
  • Alexandre Defaux (1826-1900)
  • Charles Deshayes (1831-1895)
  • Narcisso Virgilio Diaz de la Peña (1807-1876)
  • Jules Dupré (1812-1889)
  • Harpignies Henri (1819-1916)
  • Charles Emile Jacque (1813-1894)
  • Jean -François Millet (1814-1875)
  • Charles Olivier de Penne (1831-1897)
  • Constant Troyon (1810-1865)
  • Félix Ziem (1821-1911)
Antoine-Louis Barye Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps Charles Jacque
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