Bauakademie

The Berlin Academy of Architecture and Building Academy later Schinkel was a Berlin Academy for the training of architects. In it, the structure and organization of modern construction management combined with the question of appropriate training necessary to base officials. It was on 18 March 1799 by King Friedrich Wilhelm III. founded in 1801 and the upper Baudepartement affiliated as a department and spatially. On April 1, 1879, the Technical University of Berlin from the merger of the School of Architecture at the Berlin Trade Academy forth.

Since the mid- 1990s, plans for the reconstruction of by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1836 established School of Architecture and its subsequent use are discussed. The construction is considered in its construction as a revolutionary way for the 19th century.

History of the Academy of Architecture

The Academy of Architecture emerged from the building department of the Berlin Academy of the Arts, under the Elector Friedrich III. was founded on March 20, 1699. As part of this faculty, however, the aesthetic elements of architecture were stressed in the first place, the technical part was virtually no treatment. It was there the following topics:

  • The concept of science and its classification
  • Literature of architecture
  • Dedicated facility of the building with regard to the peculiarities of the country and the climate
  • Construction of buildings in terms of duration and stability
  • Decoration of the building

The knowledge which the students were able to gain from this, were deemed to be sufficient until 1773, when, under the reign of Frederick the Great of all future Baubeamten an education in all disciplines pertaining to architecture was required. The teaching of the technical aspects of the architecture was first taken over by members of the upper Baudepartements, with the following contents have been treated: Agriculture and Feldmeßkunst, mechanics, hydrostatics, hydraulics, aerometry, as well as civil and hydraulic engineering. In 1790, also an architectural class has been set up, their line was transferred to the Oberhof Baurat Friedrich Becherer. This class dealt with the " Construktion and estimates of city building, history and good taste in architecture and architectural drawing ."

Again, however, the teaching of the technical architecture were not taught and this situation fundamentally changing, was part of the upper Baudepartements decided to create an entirely new educational establishment for the general architecture. The secret superstructure councils Johann Albert Eytelwein, David Gilly and Heinrich August Riedel ( Riedel sen. ) Were entrusted with the planning work and suggested that existing at the Art Academy architectural educational institution should be changed to a Bauunterrichtsanstalt with the name " Academy of Architecture ". After various changes of plan by Friedrich Wilhelm III was. approved by the Order of 18 March 1799. At the top of the new Royal Academy of Architecture were the four o a Oberhofbauräte, alternated annually on the Executive Presidency. The mission of the institution was described as follows: " Publicandum because of the provisional establishment of the highly self- donated by His Majesty general Bauunterrichtsanstalt; the purpose of the Institute is the theoretical and practical education efficient surveyor and builder. "

Of the subjects Friedrich took over the construction Becherer, John Albert Eytelwein the mechanics and hydraulics, Heinrich August Riedel dikes and David Gilly the locks, bridges, ports and roads. As teachers were further adjusted Heinrich Gentz ​​for urban planning, Riedel jun. for economic architecture, Aloys Hirt for History of Architecture, Friedrich Gilly for optics, perspective and drawing, as well as Paul Ludwig Simon for the building physics. Classes began on 21 April 1799.

1878, the School of Architecture was combined with the Berlin Trade Academy for the Royal Technical College of Charlottenburg, which later became the Technical University of Berlin emerged.

The building of the Academy of Architecture

After temporary housing Unter den Linden next to the hotel, the city of Rome Bauakademie referring to the upper Baudepartement 1800, the second and third floors of this converted coin on Werderscher market. In 1806, the company moved into the house on the corner room Thielsche Street / Charlotte Street. It was not until 1832-1836, the new building has been realized on the old Packhofstraße between Kupfergraben and Friedrichswerderscher church, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The construction was Emil Flaminius. The column grid had eight axles with 5.55 m spacing in each direction. The brick lining of red, exposed brick consisted partly of terracotta jewelery boxes. With the completion of the building is also fulfilled Schinkel's long-cherished desire for better working and living conditions. His official residence was 600 square meters.

Originally, the first and second floors of teaching and library rooms of Oberbaudeputation and the Royal Prussian Construction ( Building Academy ) were used, and the official residence of the head was on the second floor. Under the umbrella of a file archive was housed. On the ground floor there until 1886, twelve shops with high quality services, such as the products of the Royal Porcelain Manufactory, work of the court jeweler Werner, silk underwear in the first sales room of the later large department store Gerson and Gropius'sche art dealer, were where 1839 first exhibited photographs in Berlin. The School of Architecture was therefore not a pure administrative building at the time, but integrated into the vibrant urban life.

Schinkel died 1840. For his wife Susanne he had agreed a lifelong right to stay in the shared apartment. In one area of these rooms the first Schinkel Museum was housed 1844-1873. As of 1884, the School of Architecture was no longer used as a school of architecture. For nearly 50 years ( 1885-1933 ), the building was the headquarters of the Royal Prussian measuring image -Anstalt, which was in 1921 renamed State image location. The building was also used for other purposes, for the Meteorological Institute of the University, in 1920 for the School of Political Science and from 1940 onwards for their successor bodies Faculty Research Abroad and German Foreign Scientific Institute, SGEI.

After a bombing on February 3, 1945 Located in the eastern part of Berlin buildings burned down. Reconstruction began in the 1950s. By decision of the Council of Ministers of the GDR, the German Building Academy was founded with its headquarters in the building to be used again on 1 January 1951. After completion of the structural works, although was celebrated on November 21, 1953 topping, but the interior work came to a halt after that.

With the 1958 advertised contest the GDR to the Socialist transformation of the city center was to build the town center on 13 March 1962 canceled by decision of the management collective, the School of Architecture, to make room for the establishment of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the German Democratic Republic in 1966. Valuable structural components of the School of Architecture have been recovered for the purpose of rebuilding and stored on the premises French street corner Kurstraße.

After German reunification, the Ministry was demolished again in 1995 and 1996, and since then there have been efforts, the School of Architecture to recapture Schinkel model. The Construction Technology Education Association established in 2002 the north-eastern corner of the Academy of Architecture, the so-called pattern facade. The facade pattern is based on a project by Horst Draheim, should be the part of an exhibition of the Association School of Architecture in a simulation of the School of Architecture. However, the exhibition project could not be realized. On the construction of the facade pattern had with building trades apprentices and artists. Since 11 August 2004, a reconstructed view of the building by a structure with curtain and printed tarpaulins - similar to 1993/1994 in advertising for the restoration of the city palace of the Hohenzollern - illustrated. 2005 was a sample space in the interior of the scaffold. However, reconstruction initiatives have not had any success. The cost of reconstruction are given by the clubs (e. International Academy of Architecture in Berlin and V. Foundation for Schinkel's Academy of Architecture ) in a span of 15/20 million euros to 48 million euros. The order of 15/20 million euros stated to be based on a " useable shell ". It is assumed that users bear the costs of the continuing construction. The Department of Architecture and Building the Beuth University of Applied Sciences Berlin conducted in the summer semester 2011 the Master's program cost planning and cost control, as exemplified by the Academy of Architecture, by. It is based on a historical reconstruction of the Academy of Architecture in the light of today's requirements. The cost size, which was determined by the Friends School of Architecture is essentially confirmed.

Building simulation with a reconstructed corner

Full view 2005, in the foreground: Integrated Facade pattern

Terracotta jewelery box of the facade, design Karl Friedrich Schinkel to 1835.

Bronze leaf on the portal from August Kiß

Reconstruction

Since the demolition of the GDR Foreign Ministry at this point is discussed on the reconstruction of Schinkel's Building Academy and their subsequent use. Founded in 1994, Friends of School of Architecture presented the proposal to the School of Architecture rebuild true to the original reconstruction of the historic façade and is indicative of the use of interior fittings in compliance with the original proportions including grid. For the reconstruction and the use of the Friends of School of Architecture has established with other donors in February 2011, the establishment of Foundation School of Architecture, in which everyone can participate. It is proposed to erect the building for use of ecological building materials and listed just as an example of sustainable construction. To use has been proposed to operate the newly causative Institution Building Academy as an internationally oriented center of teaching in the interdisciplinary fields of construction as part of an International Innovation, event, exhibition and conference center. Goal is to further the ideas of Christian Peter Beuth and Schinkel extrapolate to sustained to push forward, for example, the change in the areas of construction, energy and transport, and in the future infrastructure of large cities.

The club was founded on the initiative of the Senate Department for Urban Development and the National Museums of Berlin in 2001, International Academy of Architecture Berlin eV ( IBB) seeks to follow an interest bundling with the aim of creating a center of excellence in architecture, in which, for example exhibitions, conferences and lectures to be carried out on issues of urban development, architecture etc..

The facade pattern - the true copy of the north -east corner of the building academy - was built in the years 1999 to 2002 by the Education Association Building Technology as part of a teaching site. Well-known sculptors were involved in the replication of molded bricks and terracotta. The pattern facade of the Academy of Architecture based on an idea, project development and design planning (1992-1999) by Horst Draheim. The facade pattern was established in 2004, integrated into the show facade, an imagination of the building with the help of scaffolding and printed plastic films. The show facade, which is based on a non- implemented project of the Association School of Architecture, was built by the International Association School of Architecture in Berlin. In addition, within the show facade modeled after a space from the former first floor was known as the Red Room, which can be used until further notice for events and exhibitions.

End of September 2008 launched the Real Estate Fund Berlin a tender process for the reconstruction of the building academy with various conditions. This included rebuilding the Academy of Architecture in historical form and leave the majority of the areas to be established an Academy of Architecture and Urbanism free. However, the conditions proved to be unworkable. The procedure was terminated in early 2010, because no offer has been submitted, which corresponded to the tender conditions. The procedure was referred to the appropriate committees of the Berlin House of Representatives. The Berlin Senate has still interest in the reconstruction of the School of Architecture, which is also been included in the coalition agreement of 2011. Senate circles advocate the consideration of the establishment Foundation Building Academy for the re-establishment of the institution building academy as an international center for innovative building science and architecture. He prefers privately funded solutions. With references to the history of the Prussian Academy of Architecture and their significance for Berlin's Mitte rethinking this position is increasingly demanded in the Berlin public.

In the late summer of 2007 began with the largely faithful reconstruction of Schinkelplatz. The work was completed in October 2008.

Pictures of Bauakademie

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