Baumberge

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In the heights of the mountains overlooking the tree Westerberg and Longinusturm

The mountains are above tree with 187.6 m. NHN the highest towering mountain range of the natural environment or the country Münster Münster core country. They are located between Munster and Coesfeld, which itself lies near the southwestern edge of the tree mountains.

The hilly landscape is characterized by several features in geological, hydrographic and architectural point of view. Since 2007 397 ha of the summit plain are put under protection. The reserve is part of the Natura 2000 network, which is being built in accordance with the Fauna-Flora -Habitat Directive.

The name tree mountains goes back to the concept Bomberg, in turn, is a fusion of the old German word bo, synonymous with house / yard, and the deity Odin.

Nature Spatial allocation

The tree mountains and their immediate foothills are assigned to the natural area as follows:

  • (Westfälische to 54 Bay ) ( to 541 core Munsterland ) ( to 541.0 Burgsteinfurter country) 541.00 Easter Wicker hills (up to 128 m; flachwelligerer northwestern foothills, separated by the Vecht from Schöppinger back)
  • 541.02 Schöppinger back ( to 158 m; northern foothills of the mountains tree )
  • 541.03 tree mountains (up to 188 m)
  • 541.05 Altenberg back ( to 117 m; northeast parallel to tree flachwelligerer ridge mountains and Schöppinger back, separated by the Steinfurter Aa)
  • 541.07 Coesfeld - Daruper heights (up to 166 m; southwest foothills of the mountains tree )

Geographical location

The tree mountains extend Münsterland Coesfeld in northwest-southeast direction between Billerbeck in the West, the Rosendahler district Darfeld the northwest, Havixbeck the east, Nottuln - Schapdetten in the southeast, as well as Nottuln in the south, where Schapdetten is located on the southeast slope of the mountain itself.

Beyond the main road Nottuln - Billerbeck close, only blurred separated by a saddle at 131 meters, the 166 meters high up in Coesfeld - Daruper heights as West foothills of the southern part. To the north the mountains tree will become the Schöppinger back, which reaches 158 m for a flat to only slightly more than 100 m at Schöppinger mountain.

South past the tree mountains into minimal 2 km ( south Schapdettens ) Distance to the A43 and east 8 km away, the A 1 The northern part of the ridge separating the railway line the tree mountain railway.

Landscape of mountains tree

The tree mountains tower above the otherwise flat landscape by up to 100 m and reach the Westerberg 187 m in height; whose summit is crowned by Longinusturm. Characteristic of this landscape is a relatively flat and forest-free plateau with steep edges and wooded from a certain height. The plateau is due to their lack of water without closed settlement.

The highest elevations in the area around the tree mountains are the Schöppinger mountain in Schöppingen with 157.6 m, Bentheim High back in Bad Bentheim with 91.9 m and the location of it west or at Guild House Guild houses ridge about 80 m, the Altenberg ridge with 113 m and the book mountain in Steinfurt 110 m.

Tree mountains karst mountains

The base of the tree consists of limestone mountains, which is highly permeable to water. This seeps into the rain water on the high surface to great depths. The elements on the farms had for centuries with 40 m to 50 m deep wells obtain their drinking water - but was frequently the supply via rainwater cisterns - before they were connected to the beginning of the 1970s to a drinking water line. The rain trickled water then passes to the edges of the tree in mountains source horizons again, in which case may be the same all the streams come to light on a few meters. Some other characteristics of a karst mountains as Bach shrinkage and sinkholes are also found in the tree mountains.

Tree mountain watershed

Due to their proximity to the sea have the tree mountains proportion of the catchment areas of some streams. The Hagenbach, and there springing and flows towards south Stever is a tributary of the lip, which in turn belongs to the Rhine. The flowing eastward Münstersche Aa belongs to the current system of Ems. The Darfeld at the foot of the tree springing mountains and to the northwest in the Netherlands Vechte flowing forms with the spelled your own small power system. The flowing westward Berkel has its mouth in the Dutch IJssel.

Baumberger sandstone

The base of the tree mountains is formed by a very coveted in building sandstone, which is bound with lime. This material is of a pale yellow color, can be edited very well and determined the image of cities in the whole area.

For example, the St. Paul's Cathedral and the City Hall of Münster are built entirely of this stone material. Other prominent examples of the use of this building material are the Parish Church of St. Ludger's in Billerbeck, the interior of the area between Billerbeck and Coesfeld Abbey Gerleve and Longinusturm on the Westerberg. As a material for sculpture work of Baumberger sandstone was very popular in the Middle Ages, figures from this stone are found from this period throughout the Hanseatic League, worthy of mention as examples Lübeck and Riga.

Parts of Baumberger sandstone are very soft and very sensitive to environmental influences such as acid rain and other air pollution, which has led to a bad reputation of this stone as a building material. The decisive factor for the susceptibility of the stone against the weathering however, the situation in which the material is installed: Billets, which are installed in the same position as the raw material was taken from the quarry, are much more resistant. Set on fissile material weathered the other hand very quickly; this principle was not respected in the new buildings of the 19th century, so that especially here increased repair is needed. The localnear stonemasons currently supply a large proportion of workpieces that need to be replaced due to this damage.

The geology and the history of natural stone mining in the tree mountains and the stonemasons and sculptors craft in the region, documenting the Baumberger Sandstone Museum in Havixbeck.

Tilbecker Landwehr in the tree mountains

In the part of the tree mountains that extends between Schapdetten, Tilbeck, Nottuln and Havixbeck, there is an extensive militia system, which Tilbecker Landwehr. This originates from the Middle Ages form the border fortifications consists of two parallel ridges that run to several kilometers in length through the tree mountains.

Dry valleys

In the area of ​​Coesfelder mountain east of Coesfeld is the sitter, an area of ​​partially wooded, steep dry valleys, which have formed in the last ice age.

Surveys

At the foothills of the mountains and their foothills tree (*) are - sorted by height in meters above mean sea level ( MSL ):

  • Westerberg ( 187.6 m; lookout tower Longinusturm ) - between Billerbeck, Havixbeck and Nottuln
  • Luseberg ( 183.9 m) - in " Stever mountains " between Nottuln - Stevern and Havixbeck
  • Bomberg ( 182.3 m) - between Billerbeck, Havixbeck and Nottuln
  • Detter mountain ( 182 m) - at Schapdetten
  • High mountain ( 181.8 m) - in " Stever mountains " between Stevern and Havixbeck
  • Bartels-/Bertelsberg ( 180.9 m) - in " Stever mountains " between Stevern and Havixbeck
  • Billerbecker mountain ( 172.1 m) - east of Billerbeck
  • Weter-/Westerberg ( 167.6 m) - between Billerbeck and Darfeld
  • Hanloer Mark * (166 m) - northwest Nottulns, in the southwestern foothills Coesfeld - Daruper heights
  • Schöppinger Mountain * ( 157.6 m) - Schöppingens east, on the northern foothills Schöppinger back
  • South Mountains ( 157.5 m) - south-east of Billerbeck
  • Coesfelder Mountain * ( to 152 m) - east of Coesfeld, in the southwestern foothills Coesfeld - Daruper heights
  • Dillen-/Nohnenberg ( 148.9 m) - in "Rule 's mountains " east-southeast of Darfeld
  • Mölleringshügel ( 142.4 m) - directly south-southeast of Billerbeck
  • Hill southeast Easter Wicks * ( 128.4 m) - Southeast of the Northwest spur Easter Wicker Hill Country
  • Pasch hill * ( 116.7 m) - in the Old Mountain, the main mountain of the mountains tree (along with Schöppinger back ) northeast parallel Altenberg back
  • Hill southeast Holt Wicks * ( 115.4 m) - Southwest of Easter Wicker hill country
  • Book Mountain * (112 m) - between Steinfurt and Borg Horst, in the northwest of Altenberg back
  • Muhlenberg * (97 m) and foothill hill * ( 95.2 m) - north MS Nienberges, southeast of the Altenberg back
  • Ramsberg * ( 92.1 m) - Schöppingens west, north-east of the north-western spur Easter Wicker Hill Country
  • Hill northwest castle Steinfurts * ( 85.2 m) - extreme north-west of Altenberg back; on this hill stands the mill Hollicher

Saga

In Detter mountain at Schapdetten sits Grinkenschmied and forges iron plow, the horses fogs, provides general all forge work, but receives no payment but only a roast; especially one borrows for this reward his spit at weddings. Once that's done, and now when the wedding is over, the farmer sends his servant with a skewer and roast back to Grinkenschmied; the servant eats the roast on the way up, and when now Grinkenschmied says, " Dat 's min spitt, aver where is min braden? " replied the servant frischweg: " Since ik nis van up for it. " Since Grinkenschmied became angry and called: ". was di, ik sall mines braden wull Kregen "When the servant, who was on horseback, heard he has made ​​off in haste; but when he got home, his horse had torn a large piece of the chunk; that was Grinkenschmieds roast.

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