Benedict Stattler

Benedict Stattler ( born January 30, 1728 in Kötzting; † August 21, 1797 in Munich) was a German Catholic theologian, educator and philosopher.

Life

Stattler, son of a farmer, visited the Bavarian Benedictine Oberaltaich the Latin School and graduated in 1744 the Jesuit Gymnasium in Munich (today Wilhelmsgymnasium Munich ) from. In 1745 he appeared in Landsberg am Lech in the Society of Jesus. At the University of Ingolstadt, he studied philosophy for three years, one year mathematics and four years of theology from 1754 onwards.

In between, he worked as a secondary teacher of the ancient languages ​​in Straubing, Landshut and Neuburg an der Donau. 1759, he was ordained a priest in 1763 and put the final religious profession. Six years he taught some philosophy, some theology to Solothurn and Innsbruck. In 1770 he became a doctor and professor of theology at the University of Ingolstadt; Here Johann Michael Sailer was one of his students.

This teaching office he held with great appeal after the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773. 1773 appointed him the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich for their member. In addition to his professorship and the office of Prokanzlers the University of Ingolstadt in 1776 he was given the post of a city pastor at St. Moriz Church. In 1782 he received an equal ecclesiastical office in Kemnath in the Upper Palatinate. This pastorate he laid down voluntarily after a few years and went to Munich, where he was chaplain Electoral Council and a member of the Quorum of censorship. From this post he was dismissed at his own request in 1794. He lived in Munich since then as a private scholar. A heart attack took his own life to an end.

Work

Stattler was a broadly educated man, however, was often intolerant of dissenters in his philosophical thinking. In civil life he was inclined to controversy, such as multiple faults with the university and with his colleagues show, although these his talents, his acumen and his research spirit unpaid full recognition. In a thorough study of the Leibnitz - Wolffian philosophy was based this thought, which he had formed at each point on. He was among the Catholics revive the sense of philosophical studies and counter the prejudice that philosophy is only a forerunner of theology, but by no means own independent science.

Had so much he contributed to the revival of the study of philosophy, and particularly for the greater recognition of ethics for its 1772 published " Ethica christiana universalis " contributed, although this works the peculiar blending of the theoretical with the practical, the made ​​merely intellectual with the moral reproach can be, so soon he was in later years all the innovations in the field of philosophy with passion contrary, was even increased by the arrogance of some followers of Kant 's system. From such an illiberal side he was especially in 1788 published two volumes of his "anti- Kant", in which, however, regardless of the harsh and overbearing tone, anywhere consistency and ingenuity in the views as notified emerges. Instead Jewellers striving to bring the philosophy with theology in conjunction, had a positive impact in spreading more correct views in the latter science. His numerous theological writings contain this multiple documents.

The " Ethica christiana communis ", published in the years 1782-1789 in three parts, and from 1791 to 1802 reprint, differed significantly from the previous Catholic textbooks of Christian morality in that they in the applied part on the actual principle of morality pointed and received anywhere in the Christian revelation truth. Fully consistently from the theoretical and metaphysical point of view led him to the idea that work by Christian Wolff and the good of the perfection to a quality of the acts of practical obedience to God, even though Stattler did not see what it was missing this concept and how astray he could lead. As an outspoken researchers, the faith is not narrowed, he had several years earlier excelled in a Latin -written defense of the Christian religion. The most notable among his theological writings was his 1775 published catholica demonstrations, in which he denied the general saving faith of his church, and all good people all honest Protestants, without hesitation the bliss zusprach. Because of this writing, he was violently attacked by representatives of the Catholic Church, especially by the Benedictine monastery of Saint Wolfgang Frölich in Emmeram in Regensburg, and indexed by the Vatican after prolonged correspondence.

Easy to understand from his way of thinking is his attempt to unite the Protestant and Catholic parties, to which in 1791 he made known a plan drawn up in writing. The upside, Individual had connected him so intimately connected with the moral and universally valid and it was him so very earnest about the welfare of his fellow men, with the truth saying that he intended to generally give also the positive, as it seemed input. As a devotee Wolff he had remained faithful to the mathematical method in his philosophical and theological writings. His Latin style was correct, without as if to meet the requirements of classic taste. Quite right, but rough and hard, his German orthography. In general, most of his writings concerning the presentation were cumbersome and difficult to see through. The abundance of ideas, the pursuit of certainty, removed him again and again by the clarity that he sat down to the goal. But whoever worked his way through his mostly long periods and will not be read rather than to the foregoing, he had understood correctly, reached a clarity of terms that would have been him on other ways not deducible.

For the Jesuits, whose member he had been, Stattler retained even after the lifting of sympathy. From the Society of Jesus, as they can be and should be, he had formed an ideal, about which he most clearly expressed in his 1791 published writing is true and alone sufficient Reformationsart of the Catholic priesthood. In this book you can see the facing philosophers, the outspoken theologians, the astute thinker, but at the same time the resolute followers and defenders of all that belongs to the essence of the Catholic Church. Because of this font Stattler had some hard and unjust attacks and particularly the accusation tolerate that it was his desire to want to restore in conjunction with the Augsburger Exjesuiten, about Leonhard Bayrer, the repealed Order.

Works

• Tractatio cosmo logica de viribus et natura corporum. Munich 1763
• Metallurgia et mineralogia. Innsbruck 1765
• Mineralogia specialis, Pars I et II Innsbruck 1766
• Philosophia methodological scientiis propria explanata. Volume 1 Logica. Augsburg in 1769; Volume 2 Ontologia Augsburg in 1769; Volume 3 Cosmologia. Augsburg in 1769; Volume 4 Psychologia Augsburg in 1770; Volume 5 Theologia naturalis. Augsburg 1771 ( Online); Volume 6 Physica generalis. Augsburg in 1771; Volume 7 Physica particularis. Augsburg in 1771; Volume 8 Physica paticularis. Augsburg 1772
• Demonstrations evangelica, immersive religionis a Jesus Christ revelatae certitudo, Accurata methodological demonstrata, adversus omnes et Theistas antiqui et nostri aevi Philo Sophos antichristianos, quin et contra Judaeos et Mahumetanos etc. Ingolstadt 1772 ( Online)
• Ethica christiana universalis. Ingolstadt in 1772, 2 vol Augsburg 1793
• Compendium Philosophiae P. Bened. Sattler. Vol I complectens quinque partes primate. Ingolstadt, 1774 ( Online)
• Demonstrations catholica see Religionis catholicae. Pappenheim, 1775, ( Online)
• Theologiae Christianae theoreticae Tractatus I-VI. Munich 1776-1779 Vol 4, ( Online), Vol 6, ( Online)
• Diss Logica de valore sensus communis naturae tanquam criterio veritatis. Eichstätt 1780, ( Online)
• Epistola ad paraenetica virum Clariss. D. Car. Frid Bartdt, ex occasiona professionis fidei from isto ad Caesarem missae. Eichstätt 1780
• Responensa praecisiora Autoris Demonstrantionis Benedictino - Bavaricae in sua Reflexione. Eichstätt 1780
• Refutatio Amica Reflexionum In Litteras Retractatorias Justinian Febronii. Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1780 ( Online)
• Responsio amica data Baccalaureo Moguntine, super solutione objectionis Lockianae et de subjecto activae infallibilitatis in Ecclesia Christi contra ipsum differenti. Eichstätt 1780
• Diss de bono et conjugali sanctitate coelibatus in Ecclesia. Eichstätt and Leipzig 1782
• Diss de duello. Eichstätt and Leipzig 1782
• Ethica christiana communis Pars I-III. Augsburg and Eichstätt 1782-1789 Pars I ( Online )
• True Jerusalem, or on Religious Power and tolerance in all and especially in Catholic Christianity, the rise of Mendelssohn's Jerusalem and some refutations. In addition to a night Rage to Mr. Nicolai in Berlin. Augsburg 1787 ( Online)
• The mystery of iniquity of the founder of the Illuminatismus in Bavaria, to warn the unwary uncovered light of his his old lovers and friends. Munich and Augsburg, 1787 ( Online)
• Anti- Kant. Munich 1788 3 vols Vol 1 ( Online)
• Notes to the Anti- Kant: a refutation of Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Munich 1788 ( Online)
• Liber Psalmorum christianus, seu Religio Christiana Theoretica omnis et Practica in Exercitium precum. Augsburg and Munich, 1789
• Full Christian ethics for the entire Christian home and family status: that is, for Christian spouses, parents, children, kinsmen, of kin, landlords, housewives, servants and servants, as also for all of those accidental circumstances. Volume 1, Augsburg and Munich, 1789; Volume 2, ibid 1791
• Redacta Liber Psalmorum Christianus, immersive Religio Christiana theoretica omnis et practica, in exercitium precum sub forma Psalmorum. Augsburg 1789
• Be the Anti - Kant's to a friend of the truth about drey dearest published recensions. Munich 1789
• Be the author of the anti - Kant to the Theilhaber the Allgem. Litteraturzeitung of Jena in itself a published, extremely shallow, but for that very reason a lot of important recension of his anti - Kant. Munich 1789
• Plan to the only possible unification in the faith of Protestants with the Catholic Church, and the limits of this possibility; including an appendix with a new In further progressive Febronius in Vienna. Munich and Augsburg 1791
• True and alone sufficient Reformationsart of the Catholic priesthood, according to the original idea of its Divine Founder; of a thätigen friends of truth and the common good. Ulm 1791
• New Christian book of Psalms, in which the entire Christian faith and morals is comprehended in the exercise of a Staeten Gebethes in the form of the Psalms. Augsburg 1791 ( Online)
• General Catholic- Christian ethics, or true happiness doctrine reasonable grounds of divine revelation and philosophy for the top schools in the Bavarian Palatinate Lycäen on Electoral highest. Written command. 1st and 2nd band, Munich, 1791; ( a translation of his Latin ethics in seven volumes, by himself). - First Excerpt - for the upper drey schools in the Bavarian Palatinate Gynmnasien. Munich 1791, Second Snippet view - for the untern schools etc Munich 1791 ( excerpts are from the above translation ).
• Concise design of insufferable inconsistencies of Kantischcn philosophy, along with the shallow thinking of so many good-natured high estimator same. Light uncovered found for each sense, and even more for each, even the beginners in the ordinary self- thinking. Munich 1791 ( Online)
• Extorted Nothwehre for my doctrine of Nothwehre in the general catholic written to the highest command for the top schools - Christian ethics against the attack of the hidden behind the wall Recensenten the Salzburg Litteraturzeitung. Munich 1791
• Nonsense of the French liberty philosophy, put into the bright light in the designs of their new Kostitutionen, warning and instruction Teutscher französelnder philosophers. Augsburg 1791 ( Online)
• As to the danger that the thrones, the States and the Christianity threatens the utter decay. Due to the wrong system of today's education and the bold Anmaassungen So-called philosophers, secret societies and sects On the big players in the world, by a friend of the princes and of true enlightenment. With Datis and certificates is from the archive of our century. Munich 1791,
• Harmony of the true principles of the Church, morality and reason with the civil constitution of the clergy of France. Of the Bischöffen of the departments, as members of the Constituent National Assembly, composed, and from French überfetzt of BS Salzburg 1792
• Brazen hypocrisy of Revolutionsbischöffe in France in the of them wrote, empfohlnen of a Teutschen translator BS and starting to Salzburg in 1792 laid harmony of the true principles of the Church, morality and reason with the bürgerl. Constitution of the Clergy of France, revealed by an honest admirer of church & state. Strasbourg and Basel (Munich ) 1792
• Annex to the true and only adequate Reformationsart the entire Catholic priesthood after the original idea of its divine Founder. From a proven lovers of radical criticism. Ulm 1792
• New Christian Book of Psalms. Augsburg 1792
• General Catholic - Christian theoretical doctrine of religion, verfasset reasonable grounds of divine revelation and philosophy, all professionally for non- theologians among the Studi leaders in the Palatinate Bavarian top schools and for all, a deeper religious knowledge affektirende Layen on highest electoral command. 2 vols Munich 1793
• True relation of Kantian philosophy to the Christian religion and morality, according to the now honest confessions have been done of Mr. Kant and his most ardent supporters; all honest Christians presented to the mature consideration by the author of the anti- Kant. Munich 1794
• My still firmly convinced of the full Ungrunde the Kantian philosophy, and from which their inclusion in christl. Schools infallible escaping extreme harm to morality and religion, against Zween new defenders of their thoroughness and innocence. Landshut 1794
• Catechism of the Catholic- christl. Faith and morals for children of the first two classes Teutscher schools. Munich 1794 ( Online)
• Small Catechism for children from the first years of reason. Munich in 1794. 8 ( is an excerpt from the last ).
• Three questions: How did the current Freydenkery, masonry etc? As it spread so much? How can it be oppress? 1795 ( Online)
• Critique of Critical contributions in writing, to metaphysics in an examination of Stattlerischen Anti - Kantian. (Frankfurt 1795 ( Online) ); by Anti- Kant. Munich 1795
• Ferriere assertion of criticism about the critical contributions in writing, to metaphysics, etc., against the mutual Recensenten in the Upper German general Litteraturzeitung. Munich 1796 ( Online)