Beneventan script

The Beneventana Lombard is a typeface, which was widespread in southern Italy. Best known is the style of Monte Cassino.

It was named by EA Lowe after the Duchy of Benevento in southern Italy, where it was widespread. Chance of it is also called Langobarda, Longobarda or Longobardisca. She was counted from the older paläografischen research to the national headlines.

It has been used primarily in the south of the Italian peninsula, when writing centers can also be detected on the Dalmatian Adriatic coast. The older forms have been formed based in the southern half italics since the middle of the 8th century. The younger forms are from the 11th to the 13th century in use. Individual examples are still detectable until the 16th century. The two main centers in which the font was maintained, are the monastery of Monte Cassino and the scriptoria in Bari. The Bari - type is a further development of the type which has been written in Monte Cassino in the 10th century.

In its heyday in the 11-12. Century ( Lowe ), the shot in the center shafts of the letters are characteristic. Refraction and bow connections are also among the characterizing features. The writing is total ligatures rich.

Leitbuchstaben are:

• The cc- shaped a, which is open at the top, formed in the older manuscripts in the manner of ic.
• E with long center bar and upper length, which is similar to the double-decker, notched in the middle c, as is typical of the Beneventana from Bari.
• The g with open Rounding up and down
• The pile- shaped r in the older form of Beneventana,
• The t left with rolled-up cross beams, which can be connected in a subsequent i typically: a ' slumped ' t that resembles a standing 8 in ligature with i stands for the z -like sound, as in ' amicitia ' while the ligature with the standard t i for t- According as it is in ' contineri '.

Also typical is the reduction character that often sets a point above the cut line. The 3erförmige abbreviation for a final - m is also often used.

Manuscripts

Among the oldest examples include the Bamberger Cassiodorus manuscript ( Msc.Patr.61 ), the oldest and best tradition of his Institutiones divinarum et saecularium litterarum. Also known evidence of Beneventana are the Exultet roles.