Bernina Range
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Bernina group of North East with Piz Palu, Bella Vista, Piz Zupò, Crast'Agüzza, Piz Bernina and Piz Morteratsch
The Bernina group mostly or only Bernina is the highest mountain group of the Eastern Alps; their highest peak, Piz Bernina ( 4,049 m above sea level. M. ), is the only four-thousand of the Eastern Alps.
Location and territory
The Bernina extends south of the Upper Engadine from Murettopass in the west to the Bernina Pass to the east. Your main ridge is part of the Alps and the watershed between the Inn and the Danube in the north and Adda and Po in the south. In the western and central portion extends about him the border between Switzerland and Italy. Its eastern part is also on the south side Swiss ( Poschiavo ). The mountains south of the Canfinal Pass ( Pizzo Scalino and Vetta Ron ) and the Bergeller Alps with Monte Disgrazia not include the Bernina in the true sense. In the interest of a certain geographical unification, however, all three groups of mountains are sometimes grouped together as well as in the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps, under the name Bernina Alps.
Name
The origin of the name is unknown to this day. Barnyna was a place name that is mentioned in 1429, as well Pernina (1538 mentions ). The meaning of the name is not known.
Construction
The Bernina basically consists of three T- shaped arrangement mountain ranges with peaks all above 3,900 m altitude. The centerpiece of the "T" forms of Piz Bernina itself, along with lower, north adjacent summits such as the Piz Morteratsch and Piz Boval. The crossbar of the " T" form to the east especially Bellavista and Piz Palu, to the west, especially the Piz Roseg. To the east of Piz Bernina runs through the valley of the Morteratsch glacier to the north, west - in parallel - the Roseg. Beyond this central part of the Bernina summit with around 3300 are - 3'500 m consistently lower. This applies first of the so-called Sella group in the valley of the Rosegtals, but also for the still further west subsequent peaks in the valley of the Fex Valley and the Fedoztals. On the south side of the Bernina breaks without clear geographic structure in several paragraphs, and only weakly structured by the gorge-like valleys of Scerscen and Fellaria against the Valmalenco, a tributary of the Valtellina, from.
Geology
The Bernina is part of a Austroalpine ceiling, ie a clod of crystalline rocks, which was postponed from more southerly areas. Northwest of her and at its southern edge of the deeper, pushed over from the Austroalpine Penninikum is visible. To the west is close to her Bergeller Alps, which consist of granite and geologically therefore not part of the Austroalpine. The Bernina is thus geologically considered the western end of the Eastern Alps. Further west, find the geological structures of the Bernina only in the Dent- Blanche- ceiling of the central Valais Alps, a kind of sequel.
Glacier
The Bernina group carries several glaciers, which have all declined in recent decades, especially since about 1990, clearly at length and mass. From the largest firn basin of the area flow in the Val Morteratsch from the tongues of the Morteratsch and Pers Glacier and then unite just yet. The Roseg is filled in the upper part of Tschierva and Roseggletscher. Both valleys draining north side via the Flaz into the Inn. To the east lies the Palü, in the south of the glacier Scerscen and Fellaria.
Major mountains over 3,500 m
- Piz Bernina, 4049 m
- Piz Zupò, 3'996 m
- Piz Scerscen, 3'971 m
- Piz Argient, 3'945 m
- Piz Roseg, 3'937 m
- Bella Vista, 3'922 m
- Piz Palu, 3,900 m
- Crast ' Agüzza, 3,854 m
- Piz Morteratsch, 3'751 m
- Piz Cambrena, 3'603 m
- Piz Glüschaint, 3'594 m
- La Sella, 3'584 m
- Piz Tschierva, 3'546 m
Gallery
Piz Bernina, Piz and Piz Roseg Scerscen from Fuorcla Surlej
Morteratsch and Pers Glacier
Piz Palu and Bella Vista from Diavolezza
26k 9k * Panorama