Berthold Hatschek

Berthold caron ( born April 3, 1854 in Kirwein, Moravia, † January 18, 1941 in Vienna ) was an Austrian zoologist.

Life

Hatchek was a pupil of zoologists Carl Claus and Karl Georg Friedrich Rudolf Leuckart and made after his studies in particular by working in the field of embryology attention. So he set in 1878 hypothesized that molluscs ( Mollusca ) and annelids ( Annelida ) are phylogenetically closely related, since both groups of animals arising from a similar larval type, which he called trochophore, a name which has survived into the 21st century. His trochophora hypothesis itself has not recently received increasing molecular genetic work from the 1990s support.

Appointed in 1885 to the chair of zoology at the University of Prague he worked increasingly with morphological issues and worked on different worm groups, bryozoans, but also chordates. In this area was particularly interested in the skull loose lancelet of the genus Branchiostoma, at that time still under the name of amphioxus. In line with prominent colleagues such as Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876) he held an evolution of vertebrates from annelids plausible; a view that ultimately, however, should not prevail.

In his 1888-1891 published three-volume " Textbook of Zoology " he was responsible for the ctenophores ( Ctenophora ) from the superficially similar cnidarians ( Cnidaria ) market in its own phylum; a view that by slowly established itself in the 20th century, but established from the beginning of the 21st century as a relatively firm applies.

In 1896 Hatchek was appointed to the chair of his former teacher, Carl Claus, was appointed and became the director of the Zoological II Comparative - Anatomical Institute at the University of Vienna. However, the high expectations, which combined with his person, he could not meet in the period that followed, he was hit from 1918 increasingly from depression, which so intensified after World War II that he hardly published results of his work.

After the invasion of the Nazis in Austria on 12 March 1938, he was dismissed at the request of the Austrian Ministry of Education on April 22 from his post. Three years later, the 86 -year-old was deported from his home, but died the same year in Vienna (18 January 1941 buried on January 23, 1941 Vienna Central Cemetery 1st goal / group 19 / number 1 / grave 104).

Writings

• The new zoological system. Engelmann, Leipzig 1911.
• The Acromerit of amphioxus. Engelmann, Leipzig 1906.
• Hypothesis of organic heredity. Engelmann, Leipzig 1905.
• Elementarcurs the Zootomie in fifteen lectures. Fischer, Jena, 1896.
• The amphioxus and its development. Swan & Sonnenschein, London, 1893.
• Textbook of zoology. Fischer, Jena 1888-91.
• For the development of the head of Polygordius. In 1885.
• Studies on development of amphioxus. Hölder, Vienna 1881.
• Over evolutionary history of Teredo. Hölder, Vienna 1880.
• Studies on evolution of annelids. Hölder, Vienna 1878.
• Contributions to the development history of the Lepidoptera ... Pätz, Naumburg 1877.