Bertold von Henneberg-Römhild

Berthold von Henneberg (* 1441/1442, † December 21, 1504 ) was Archbishop of Kurmainz so Reichserzkanzler and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire and Empire reformer.

Life

Family

He was born the twelfth child of Count Georg von Henneberg - Römhild from the Franconian-Thuringian noble family of the von Henneberg. One of his brothers was the Bamberg Prince- Bishop Philipp von Henneberg.

Career as a clergyman

Already at a young age was of Henneberg Dompfründe in Strasbourg, Cologne and Bamberg. From 1464, he received a Sacerdotalpfründe in Mainz, first as Domizellar, then from 1472 in the chapter of Mainz, 1475 was of Henneberg as the successor of Richard of stone Domdekan. He then studied at Erfurt and Padua, at times he was a pupil of Nicholas of Cusa. From 1467 on, he was at the court of the then Emperor Friedrich III. active.

Archbishop and Elector of Mainz

On May 20, 1484 was chosen by Henneberg unanimously elected Archbishop of Mainz; Pope Innocent VIII confirmed his election on September 20, 1484th, he received episcopal consecration by the bishop Johann von Dalberg of Worms on March 13, 1485 in Mainz. He strove to safeguard the borders of the Mainz Electorate and already demanded reforms necessary at that time and the peace between the rulers of the Empire.

In 1486 he wanted to introduce a censorship of books for keeping Christian doctrine and faith. It was also a patron of Henneberg of Mainz University, which the influence of humanism was open as the first in the kingdom. His subjects it permits the imposition of a tax on beer, the Ungeld (also Umgeld or Ohmgeld ).

1487 and again in 1499 held Berthold von Henneberg from provincial synods.

In 1494 he personally took the leadership of the Reich Chancellery in the royal court.

Lord Chancellor

As part of the Imperial Reform Berthold von Henneberg was as archbishop of Mainz in 1495 a member of the Diet of Worms, on which voted him the princes of the spokesman of the states. In this role, he wrestled the later Emperor Maximilian I from the approval of a Council of Regency. The Lord of the peace was also due to his protracted use as the establishment of the Imperial Chamber Court and the "Handling peace and justice" as a contract between king and stalls.

The imperial government first came together in 1500. As Lord Chancellor was of Henneberg, before this, without dominating it. It was conceived as a feudal form of government of the empire, however, saw Maximilian I. is a circumcision of his power, so he tried to ignore the imperial government, where it went. It consisted of 21 members: the Emperor, the Lord Chancellor and the Elector, into which fell as permanent members, and other princes of six specially created kingdom circles (Franconia, Swabia, Bavaria, Upper Rhine, Westphalia and Lower Saxony ) also free imperial cities. It adopted decisions on behalf of the Emperor (including its seal ), this had no right of appeal.

1502 the imperial government broke up because of continuing problems with the emperor.

Death of Berthold

In 1504 Berthold of Henneberg died on December 21 after a lengthy illness a year before the Diet of Cologne, in which the failure of the kingdom regiment was finally decided. So it was again reached after seven years of "reform" at the starting point.

His grave monument in Mainz Cathedral was designed by Hans Backoffen.

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