Bertrand Clausel

Bertrand, comte Clausel, also: Clauzel ( born December 12, 1772 in Mirepoix, Ariege department, † April 21, 1842 at Château du Secourieu south Auterive ) was a French general and Marshal of France.

Life

Clausel occurred in 1791 in military service, made with 1794 and 1795 campaigns in the Pyrenees, commanded in 1799 in Italy a brigade, followed in 1802 the General Leclerc to Santo Domingo, in 1804 became a major general in the Army of the North and recorded in 1809 in the campaign against Austria, but especially since 1810 in Spain, where he led a French corps back from Portugal in 1812 after wounding Marmont at the Battle of Salamanca in command of the army took over and in 1813 after the Battle of Vitoria covered the retreat to France.

Louis XVIII. appointed him inspector general of infantry; but to Clausel declared in 1815 Napoleon I return immediately for this, Pair, was given command of the Pyrenees army and made the Bourbons the fiercest resistance. Explained by royal ordinance of 24 July 1815 a traitor, he fled to America, where he put a plantation near Mobile and operation. He was sentenced in absentia on September 11, 1816 death. However, he was allowed to return to France in 1819, 1827 and 1830 elected deputies and signed in 1830, the 'address of the 221 ".

After the July Revolution, he became governor of Algeria and undertook in November 1830 the victorious train in the province Titteri, for which he received the Marshal dignity. When he left Constantine and Oran Tunisian prince, he was called up in 1831, but after he had represented in the meantime in the Chamber of Deputies liberal principles, re-appointed Governor-General of Algeria in August 1835. After the ill-fated expedition against Constantine 1836 he returned to France and made ​​his self-defense against repeated accusations but partly in the " Explications you maréchal de Clausel ", partly in the stands.

In the Chamber of Deputies he belonged since 1838 to the resolute opposition. Clausel died April 21, 1842 at his castle Secourieu at Toulouse.

Honors

His name is inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris in the 34th column.

Writings

During his stay in America 1816 Clausel issued a justification of his political life. Later he also published two further writings to justify his Algerian policy.

• Exposé justificatif de la politique de conduite M. le Lieutenant-General Comte Clausel. Paris 1816 ( digitized ) - German in 1837 as justifications of Marshal Clauzel
• Observations du général sur quelques Clausel actes de son gouvernement à Alger. Paris 1830
• Nouvelles observations de M. le maréchal Clausel sur la colonization d' Alger. Paris 1833