Biological activity

When biological activity is referred to

• The totality of the processes taking place in soil biological processes. It is longer, the richer and more diverse is the soil life.
• The effects of the pharmacologically active substances (e.g. pharmaceutical agents) to living tissue.

Soil Science

The biological activity and thus soil fertility be encouraged by observing the following points:

• Supply of organic matter in the form of, for example, animal manures, crop residues, straw, beet leaf, green manure, compost. Thus, the soil organisms can utilize this food supply optimally, should not be buried too deep the organic matter.
• Diverse crop rotations: A wide variety of foods provides a variety of animal and microbial species development opportunities. The species richness of the stability of the community and their sales performance increases.
• Good Nutrition: microorganisms have similar nutritional requirements as the higher plants. A stronger plant growth means more crop residues and thus more food for the soil organisms. Therefore, the proper use of chemical fertilizers has a positive influence on the sales performance of the microorganisms. In nitrogen-fixing bacteria, however, the soils of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen decreases with increasing content, the ability to bind atmospheric nitrogen.
• Optimum pH: The majority of soil organisms limits their activity with increasing acidification. A liming promotes in this case, the soil life by raising the pH.
• Undisturbed living conditions: soil animals, especially earthworms, develop best when their habitat is not disturbed. Conservation tillage meets these requirements best. In turn soil management should not be too deep plowed and used the plow only as needed.
• Sufficient moisture, heat and ventilation: This requires a good soil structure. One effect of increased biological activity is the high N- replenishment humus, well-ventilated floors in warm, humid weather from May.

The use of plant protection products according to the principles of integrated crop management reduces the efficiency of micro-organisms not sustainable. Some soil disinfestants and very narrow spray applications may temporarily damage the soil life. Some pesticides can ( and fruit viticulture, for example ) affect the species spectrum, the density of individuals and biomass of soil animals in constant use in permanent crops. The long-term effects of pesticides on the species spectrum of microorganisms and on soil fauna to be explored further affect but definitely on the species spectrum of.

Pharmacology

If it is at an active ingredient is a complex chemical mixture, the main effect of the active substance and the pharmacophore is applied, but modified by the other ingredients under certain circumstances. In addition to the expected therapeutic effect of a drug, especially the toxicity of a substance is interesting. The biological activity is dose-dependent and usually it is not uncommon that the effects range one and the same substance depending on the dose used of toxic to therapeutic. The activity depends critically on the ADME criteria.

See also: Rule of Five, QSAR, chemical structure, bioavailability

• Soil Ecology
• Pharmacology