Bitterfeld (district)

The district Bitterfeld was a district in the southeast of the state Saxony -Anhalt. Neighboring districts were the independent city of Dessau, in the northeastern district of Wittenberg, in the southeast of the Saxon county of Delitzsch, in the southwest of the county hall and west of the District of Köthen in the north. The county came to the district of Anhalt- Bitterfeld.

Settlement history

Traces of settlement in the territory of the district date back to the Neolithic period. Numerous archaeological finds come from the Fuhneaue and Duebener Heath. In the Duebener Heath and a variety of burial mounds from the time of the Lusatian culture are known. In addition to archaeological finds from the Iron Age, which show both Latène ( Celtic ) and Germanic influences, proof of which are from the 9th century, colonization of space by Slavic population. Other traces of the Slavic settlement are reflected in numerous place names. Noteworthy are the Flemish settlers in the area of ​​Bitterfeld, which are occupied for the 12th century. Great importance acquired by the Counts of Landsberg, in the county was the area of ​​the district Bitterfeld.

Administrative history

The Prussian district of Bitterfeld was established in 1816, when Prussia was awarded a part of the Kingdom of Saxony as a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815. From this, the Prussian province of Saxony was to the administrative district of Merseburg belonged to the newly created district of Bitterfeld.

Territorial changes occurred after more than 130 years until the " Act to amend the county and township boundaries " of 9 June 1950. In the result, some reached the former Duchy of Anhalt associated cities and towns (eg Raguhn and Jeßnitz ) to the district Bitterfeld. To the west of the county municipalities Drehlitz, Drobitz, Köseln, Kütten, Mösthinsdorf, Ostrava, roach and Werderthau fell to the Saalkreis. In the south, the municipality Döbern came from the district of Delitzsch to the district of Bitterfeld.

The East German Administrative Reform of 1952, the "Law on the further democratization of the structure and operation of state bodies in the countries of the East " 23 July 1952, not only the creation of the districts, but also extensive territorial changes at the county level. The city Duben came with surrounding villages to the district hurry castle in the district of Leipzig. At the same eastern areas of the district were assigned to the newly created circuit Graefenhainichen. The district Bitterfeld belonged henceforth to the district hall.

District administrators

  • Hans von Bodenhausen (1881-1899)

Traffic History

Following a regular network of paths received the district Bitterfeld in 1823 with a connection to the road from Berlin via Halle (Saale ) to Kassel. Its course corresponds in the district of the present Federal Road 100 Opened by the Magdeburg- Leipzig Railway Company in 1840 route Magdeburg - Halle ( Saale) closed the circle Bitterfeld to the fledgling German railway network. However, the benefit was low, as the line touched only the western part of the county. The situation improved when Bitterfeld 1857 a rail link to Dessau received and was connected to the network of the Berlin- Anhalt Railway. Just two years later created links to Leipzig, Halle ( Saale) and Wittenberg. Bitterfeld was so in 1859 at a railway junction and offered an excellent starting point for the development of indigenous lignite and stoneware industry. Was supplemented the railway network in 1897 with the line Bitterfeld - Stumsdorf that the railway junction Bitterfeld directly with the line Magdeburg - joined Halle ( Saale). 1868, the county road Bitterfeld - Zoerbig opened. The rail project Bitterfeld - Duben, which was hotly debated at the turn of the century, did not come to fruition. In contrast, the district Bitterfeld 1911 could refer to electric trains. The first standard gauge railway line of the German Empire began operations. The railway line was fed with energy from the nearby railroad power plant Muldenstein. With the beginning of World War I, the electrical has stopped and only 1922/1923 resumed. Bitterfeld was now part of the Central German ring of the Magdeburg Dessau to Halle (Saale ) and Leipzig was. The autobahn from Berlin to Nuremberg ( the current BAB 9) touched the circle and was opened in 1936. Three ascents and descents were in the circle: Dessau -Süd, Zoerbig (now exit Wolfen ) and Landsberg.

County coat of arms

Blazon: " em. Field 1 and 4: silver three red Seeblätter; Field 2: Gold in a black, rotbewehrter lion; Field 3: Gold two blue poles ".

Cities and Towns

(Population at 31 December 2006)

Unit communities

Management communities with their member communities

  • 2 Management Community Muldestausee pain Bach
  • 3 Management Community Raguhn
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