Blotched Emerald
The Pustelspanner ( Comibaena bajularia ), and Green Oak Forest tensioner, Oak Forest Green tensioner or oak Sackträger release called, is a butterfly (moth ) from the family of the tensioner ( Geometridae ).
- 5.1 Notes and references
- 5.2 Literature
Features
Butterfly
The wingspan of the males is from 22 to 28 mm, and that of females 24 to 32 millimeters. All wings are colored deep green. The green color elements can fade with increasing service life and then become yellowish tints. At the inner angle of the front and hind wings there is ever a yellowish stain. These spots are filled brownish. Similar spots are visible on the outer edge of the hind wings. Since these stains have a pustular appearance, the species was formerly known by the synonym pustulata (Latin pustula = bubbles, pustule ). The whitish transverse lines on the fore wings are usually in the form indistinct. The fringes of all the wings are spotted light and dark. While the antennae of the males are combed on both sides, those of the females have a thread-like appearance.
Egg
The egg is oval, slightly flattened shape and is colored pale pink.
Caterpillar
Adults caterpillars have a yellow-brown coloration. They show a blackish, yellow framed topline and elongated, white warts.
Doll
The doll is short and thick, expires at the end of pointed and is equipped with numerous spines. She has a brown color, but the elytra lift lighter, which are also striped dark. The cremaster is provided triangular and with four sturdy hooks bristles.
Geographical distribution and occurrence
The distribution of the species extends through much of Europe ( with the exception of the far north ) and continue south-east to Turkey and the Caucasus. In the Southern Alps, it rises up to 1000 meters. It is mainly found in oak forests.
Way of life
The moths fly univoltine in the months of June and July. They are crepuscular and nocturnal and fly to artificial light sources. In order to camouflage the caterpillars covered with small pieces of dried leaf residues that she spun on her back and giving them to forward movement the appearance of a withered leaf. A similar behavior is shown by the caterpillars of the Emerald tensioner ( Thetidia smaragdaria ) as well as those of most Sackträger species ( Psychidae ). The Pustelspanner caterpillars feed preferentially from the leaves of various species of oak (Quercus ) and hibernate. Pupation takes place in a spun sheet.
Endangering
The Pustelspanner comes in the German states in different numbers before, but is not resident as rare and out on the red list of endangered species on the early warning list.