Bombardier Dash 8
The Bombardier Q Series, previously known as the de Havilland Canada DHC 8 -8 or Dash, is a family of twin-engine turboprop regional aircraft. It was developed by the aircraft manufacturer de Havilland Canada in the early 1980s. Today, the Dash 8 is manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace, which earned 1992 DHC from Boeing and incorporated it as a subsidiary in its group.
- 3.1 breakdown series with the chassis of the Dash 8Q -400
- 3.2 Accident
History
The Dash 8 was the first of the new generation of powerful turbo-prop aircraft that came in the 1980s on the market. De Havilland Canada began its development as a successor for the four-engine DHC -7 in 1980. Had its maiden flight, the DHC -8 on 20 June 1983, a year later, the series production began.
From the second quarter of 1996, all new Dash were provided 8 (including the type 400) with an active noise and vibration insulation (Noise and Vibration Suppression, NVS ), since Bombardier wanted to adjust the interior noise and vibration during the flight where a jet-propelled passenger jets. To illustrate these improved flight characteristics and the greater comfort still, the name of the machine from Dash 8 Dash 8Q in ( " quiet" ) changed. Today, Bombardier offers the model as Q 200, Q 300 and Q 400 (Q Series). The machines of this type are considered to be very safe because of an engine failure, the remaining engine to raise 10 % more power and thus the aircraft can safely fly further. The main competitors of the Dash 8, ATR 42 and ATR 72, as well as the aging Fokker 50
The first version - the Dash 8-100 with 36 seats - had its maiden flight on 20 June 1983 was followed almost 10 years later, the 200 series with new engines.. With this, the machine is just under 30 km / h faster and allows a higher take-off weight. The subsequent version of the 300 was stretched by 3.43 m (now 56 passengers). The latest version (first flight on January 31, 1998) is the de Havilland Canada Dash 8Q -400 with up to 78 passengers and again improved quieter engines. First delivery of these machines was the summer of 1999.
For the machines of 100, 200 and 300 versions Field Aviation provides a conversion of the cockpit features five EFI - 890R LCD screens. The first aircraft was delivered in June 2011 at the Icelandic Coast Guard after 12 April 2011 had been granted the additional approval by the Canadian air traffic control.
Versions
Dash 8Q -100
The day is also known as Dash 8Q -100 STOL aircraft should with a capacity of up to 40 passengers close the gap between the larger and the smaller DHC- 7 DHC- 6 Twin Otter. The Dash 8 Series 100 had its maiden flight on 20 June 1983, was delivered from December 1984 and is no longer sold as new aircraft today.
Dash 8Q -200
Almost ten years later, with new engines, the 200 series (now Dash 8Q -200). Thus, the travel speed of the machine by more than 30 km / h and also their starting weight was increased.
Dash 8Q -300
The 300 series ( Dash 8Q -300) was stretched by 3.43 m and could accommodate up to 56 passengers. It was developed from 1986, three years later she was with different carriers in services. My first flight took place on 15 May 1987.
Dash 8Q -400
The latest version of this type of aircraft is the Dash 8Q -400 with seating for 78 passengers and more developed, even quieter engines. The roll-out ceremony was held on 21 November 1997, followed by the first flight on 31 January 1998. Certification and first deliveries were followed in the summer of the following year.
The DHC- 8 400 Dash 8 Series 400 features, in contrast to her siblings on EFIS and a modern avionics.
From the third quarter of 2009, the Q400 NextGen should be delivered as a variant. It has a modernized interior, among other things, with LED lighting and larger storage compartments. Longer maintenance intervals have been promised.
Last examined Bombardier under the project name Q400X a further extension of the Q400, so as to accommodate three additional rows of seats. However, it was not yet decided on a program start.
As Q400F converted Dash 8Q -400 are referred to freighters with 9 ton payload. The first machine was converted from the Canadian company Cascade Aerospace in Vancouver and has since the beginning of 2009 at the Swedish airline Nord-Flyg in service.
In August 2011, the first two Q400 were handed over to VIP seating by Field Aviation at Avitrade Belgium. The number of seats varies between 28 and 40
Incidents and accidents
Breakdown series with the chassis of the Dash 8Q -400
Because of several problems with the chassis of the machine recommended Bombardier itself on 12 September 2007 grounding of aircraft of this type with more than 10,000 landings. Worldwide, nearly 60 aircraft were affected. There had been within one week two crash landings and two other emergency landings of machines of the Scandinavian airline SAS because of technical defects. On September 14, 2007, the manufacturer of the landing gear, Goodrich Corporation, already instructed an inspection manual that was distributed by Bombardier to the holders of the affected aircraft. According to the manufacturer's instructions, the machines can be put back into service after an inspection. Nevertheless, had on 21 September 2007, a DHC- 8400 Augsburg Airways abort the landing in Florence and return to Munich, because the nose gear could not be properly extended. The pilots managed to land without casualties.
On October 27, 2007, again an incident of a DHC -8 400, the Scandinavian airline SAS in Copenhagen, when the right main landing gear did not extend occurred. The pilot landed the aircraft then only with the left main landing gear extended, at the emergency landing, no one was injured. Then SAS pulled out all the 27 machines used without time limit from circulation. All DHC- 8 aircraft of SAS were checked only until the beginning of November and was then released. Thus, three DHC -8 400, the SAS problems with the main landing gear are in just two months crash-landed. On October 28, the company drew the consequence of utilizing all machines of the type Dash 8Q -400 permanently out of their own as well as from the fleet of the subsidiary Widerøe and to create other types of aircraft as a replacement. The manufacturer Bombardier expressed disappointment at the decision and pointed out that the investigations of the incidents were not yet completed and the cause had not yet been determined. Already after the first two crash landings SAS also announced due to rust on the suspension of almost all hydraulic machines claim compensation from Bombardier in the amount of 500 million Swedish crowns ( 55 million euros ). EASA took action before an investigation and the beginning of November came to the conclusion that the last accident is not related to the previous one, but also is due to incorrect maintenance by SAS. Thus, since there are no structural defects, there EASA 's view no doubt of the general flight safety of the machines.
In the other cases, however, lay before a bad design. Corrosion on a thread made sure that the chassis is not einrastete and gave way at touchdown. Meanwhile, the problem is solved by using specially sealed components.
On 27 September 2013, DHC -8 had 400 Croatia Airlines emergency landing at Zurich airport because the nose gear was not extended.
Crash
- On 12 February 2009 a machine of the airline Colgan Air crashed (flight number 3407 for Continental Airlines ) of the type De Havilland Canada DHC -8 - 402Q on the way from Newark Airport to Airport Buffalo Niagara International over the small town of Clarence, near the city of Buffalo in State from New York. The 49 people on board and one person on the ground died in the accident. Main causes of the accident were human error by the crew and inadequate procedures of the airline.
Military users
Specifications
Two PW121, each with 1603 kW