Boris Lyatoshinsky
Borys Mykolajowytsch Ljatoschynskyj (Ukrainian Борис Миколайович Лятошинський, spelling of the surname, inter alia, also Ljatoschinski, Ljatošinskij or Lyatoshinsky, born December 22, 1894jul / January 3 1895greg in Zhytomyr, .. † April 15, 1968 in Kiev ) was a Ukrainian composer.
Life
Ljatoschynskyj came from a family of teachers and took piano and violin lessons since early childhood. Around 1910 he wrote his first compositions that have been performed by local musicians. In 1913 he graduated from high school and studied in Kiev from 1914 to 1918 Jura, at the same time but also composition at the Conservatory at Gliere ( with Glière should him a life-long friendship, he completed after his death and his Violin Concerto op.100 ). In 1920 he was a teacher himself at the Conservatory of Kiev, in 1935 a professor of composition and orchestration. 1935-1938 and 1941-1943 (evacuation to Saratov ), he taught at the same time at the Moscow Conservatory. His students included Walentyn Sylwestrow. Since 1956 he has held a leading position in the Soviet Composers Association.
Work
Ljatoschynskyj wrote, among other things, two operas, five symphonies (1918, 1935/36, 1951 /54, 1963, 1966), suites, overtures and tone poems for orchestra, a piano concerto, chamber music (among four string quartets, two piano trios, a violin sonata ), piano works, incidental music, songs and arrangements of folk songs, choruses, cantatas as well as film music.
Ljatoschynskyjs first works reveal the influence of the romantic tradition ( inter alia, Borodin, Tchaikovsky ), then take harmonic elements of Alexander Scriabin's musical language. In the 1920s, Ljatoschynskyj turned to a polytonality to atonal writing under the influence of the Central and Western European avant-garde. In 1929, his compositional style was gradually re- harmonically simple and handy greater use of elements of Slavic folk music. His Symphony No. 2 (1935 /36) aroused the displeasure of official censorship and, despite revision in 1964 premiered (one of the 4th Symphony of Dmitri Shostakovich similar fate ). However Ljatoschynskyj also received numerous awards, including three State Prizes of the Soviet Union.