Bougainvilliidae
Bougainvillia ramosa
The Bougainvillidae are a family of hydroids ( Hydrozoa ). The family currently includes about 100 species.
Features
The hydroid form colonies or are rarely solitary. They form stoloniale or monopodial sticks that are upright and branched or rarely sessile and crawling out from Hydrorhiza. The upright colonies have terminal hydranth, the tribes of the sticks are monosiphonal or polysiphonal. The body of the hydroid is bottle-shaped, the base may be surrounded by a Pseudohydrothek. It may be present that are distally in a narrow zone below the mouth cone one or more wreaths filiform tentacles. The gonophores are either free medusae or sessile spore sacs that develop on Hydrocaulen, stolons or Blastostylen. The medusae are bell-shaped with a round mouth and a short manubrium. The oral tentacles are branched either simple or dichotomously and advertise above the mouth ring. The rand union tentacles are quite solid and contractile. They are available individually or in groups at 4, 8 or 16 tentacle bases. There are four radial canals and a ring canal present. The gonads sit at the manubrium and form a continuous ring or they sit on the radial canals, inter- radial or perradial. Ocellus are present or absent.
Geographical occurrence
The species of this family are found worldwide. Some species also occur in the North and Baltic Seas. The distribution area is located in the sub-Antarctic circumpolar and waters. So far, they have been predominantly found in shallower water to the upper bathyal. Some species are prone to proliferation. So Garveia franciscana ( Torrey, 1902) has the clogging of cooling water pipes also an economic importance.
System
The family includes according to the "World Hydrozoa Directory Database " 15 genera. Bouillon et al. (2006) also lead Lizzia and Lizzella in this family. Lizzia is provided in the World Hydrozoa database to the family Rathkeidae, Lizzella is regarded as a synonym of Spirocodon Haeckel, 1880 (Family Polyorchidae ).
- Bimeria Wright, 1859
- Bougainvillia Lesson, 1836
- Chiarella Maas, 1897
- Dicoryne Allman, 1859
- Garveia Wright, 1859
- Koellikerina Kramp, 1939
- Diana Millar Wedler & Larson, 1986
- Nemopsis Agassiz, 1850
- Nubiella Bouillon, 1980
- Pachycordyle Weismann, 1883
- Parawrightia Warren, 1907
- Rhizorhagium Sars, 1874
- Silhouetta Millard & Bouillon, 1973
- Thamnostoma Haeckel, 1879
- Velkovrhia Matjasic & Sket, 1971