Brickyard

A brick is a factory for the production of building materials made ​​of baked clay or loam - so-called brick - products.

Particulars

The location of these companies is usually the place where the raw material deposit. Before it was mostly small businesses that vortrockneten under the open sky, the still wet tiles in the sun and then baked in an oven. Depending on the method of drying was as a source of raw materials nor the obvious fuel necessary. Thus, not only the location, but the entire infrastructure set up for it. For example, south of Vienna, where large clay deposits were Wiener Neustadt Canal was built to bring the wood from the Vienna Woods. In this case, this was the cheapest energy source. In 1900, for example, originated in the area of ​​Lausitz or in the Leipzig area large brickworks, because there as a result of the decomposition of lignite mines incurred large clay and sand deposits and lignite supplied the needed energy.

The tone usually obtained in the open pit is not deformed in the raw state and is gradually crushed and mixed into wet or dry processing. The moldable materials are then formed into bricks, roof tiles strand, hollow body or by extrusion.

Press tiles are formed from pre-formed chunk on turret presses. Floor panels are manufactured using dry pressing process. The water is extracted in hot air heated drying facilities.

The bricks are placed on the kiln car and fired in tunnel kilns in a precisely tuned to the gross weight method at temperatures around 950 or 1200 ° C ( sintering ).

Usually used as a fuel gas or oil. By controlling the oxygen content in the combustion chamber can be by chemical processes especially of the iron oxides in the raw materials - oxidizing ( red) or reducing (Black) Brand - affect the color of the charge.

History

Originally bricks were fired in field fire brick kilns and blast furnaces. In 1859 the architect Friedrich Eduard Hoffmann in Prussia and Austria received ( 1818-1900 ) a patent on the Hoffman kiln ring, which his rights to the invention an annular furnace for continuous burning of all types of bricks, pottery, lime, gypsum, etc. secured. The ring oven revolutionized the tile industry of the 19th century and allowed a previously unprecedented increase in brick production. Since then, the image of the houses of gray ( reed and thatch, shrub, timber, clay walls ) changed to red ( roof tiles, brick house, less fire hazard). Brick sewer pipes allow, underground drainage and drainage of fields.

The world's largest brick manufacturer, the Austrian group Wienerberger AG.

Production in a steam brick

Subsequently, the production process is described in a steam brick at the beginning of the 20th century. The production is in modern plants mainly from still so.

The prime mover of all devices the Brickyard for the production of bricks was the steam engine. Once the sound has been promoted in the pit located near the brickworks, this was supplied on an incline by a hoist and lift bridge the crushing mill. Within the brick, the clay was transported to the swamps, where it is mixed with water and unwanted ingredients such as roots, plant parts and debris were washed out. The sound put out as clay mud at the bottom of swamps. The purified clay was cut in more, rolled and pressed into bricks. A lift the damp bricks were transported in dry spaces above the ring furnace. After drying, they were supplied with the lift the ring oven.