Brienz/Brinzauls

Brienz / Brinzauls, view from the west

Brienz / Brinzauls ( German Brienz, Romansh Brinzauls ) is a municipality in the district of Belfort of the district Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. The place belongs to the region Surmeir.

Geography

The municipality of Brienz / Brinzauls consists of the village Brienz / Brinzauls and the hamlet Vazerol. The municipality is located on a sunny terrace of the Albula valley, at the foot of Piz Linard ( 2768 m above sea level, not to be confused with Piz Linard in the Lower Engadine ). The municipal area extends from the valley of the Albula Lenzerheide to ( 2906 m asl), the highest point of the municipality. In the municipality of Brienz / Brinzauls is also the ruins of Belfort. The village of Brienz / Brinzauls ( 1144 m asl) is located on the main road between Lenzerheide / Lai - Lantsch / Lenz and Davos. Since 1874, the horse upside Post from Davos to Lantsch / Lenz. In the summer of 1964, the post bus between Lenzerheide and meadows station was used. So the village was directly operated by the post office, which had to be up at this time picked up by the postman in Vazerol. In contrast to the village of Brienz / Brienzauls the fraction Vazerol is ( 1125 m asl) on the Julierstrasse ( Chur-Lenzerheide-Lantsch/Lenz-Tiefencastel-Julierpass-Silvaplana ). Early on, the then Septimerstrasse, the "Upper Street " by Vazerol.

The " slip "

The village of Brienz / Brinzauls, but not Vazerol is, on the " slip ", an old landslide area that has not completely calmed down today. The south side of Piz Linard was and still is to some extent still today of about 2500 m asl on to trough in motion. Under the superficial dolomite is slate, which does not stand up to the oppressive pressure and wells up slowly below Brienz, with its deepest parts are constantly gnawed by the Albula and so lose their footing. The movement can be clearly distinguished in the streets because they suffer where they pass from a solid to a moving slate, kinks. The restlessness of the soil is shown on the main road Lantsch / Lenz Davos on the streets Vazerol -Brienz and deep Castel- Surava and the leaning tower.

Of the various sags above Brienz the landslide is to say, forms the debris flow east of the village. The demolition niche is located at about 1690 m asl under the mountain pastures of Propissi. By today's slip area led a road from the village to mountain pastures. The slip was caused probably by the deforestation that were required after the burning of Brienz 1874. The movement began in November 1878 after a long period of rain and was most active in the winter 1878/79 and 1902 to 1907; then came the rubble current daily before about 1 meter. The construction of drains in the demolition area and afforestation 1947-1955, the movement has calmed down.

History

Occupied early on are various locations in space Lantsch low Castel- Above stone. In this area settlements from the prehistoric era can be detected, both from the Bronze and Iron Age. They were at the time and later heavily used by the Romans north-south transit route to the Julier and Septimerpass. Although for Brienz such findings is uncertain, it can be assumed with the greatest probability that also the municipality of Brienz / Brinzauls was settled very early. As a sort of mirror image of the Roman equipment ( settlements, cultures, forts, roads) presents the landscape of the front Albula valley in their first written occurrence in the early Middle Ages. It is an image of a well-maintained landscape with extensive farming and intensive sheep industry. In the so-called kingdom land register of about 840 the settlement " Brienzola " was first mentioned. The whole area populated by 840 of the Albula valley including Above Stone made ​​a total of twelve self-contained administrative districts of the Frankish royal estate in Churrätien. This unit fell apart in the High Middle Ages to the sharing of power and possessions to various feudal lords. From the castle Belfort from the barons of Vaz developed a rule which also Brienz / Brinzauls belonged. After the extinction of Vazer 1330 the government passed to the Toggenburg, then to the Montfort and finally in 1466 to the dukes of Austria, where it remained until 1652. 1436 "Land and court Belfort " was a member of the Ten Jurisdictions Federal. 1613, the court severed in half courts Inner Belfort and Aussebelfort with the towns of Brienz / Brinzauls, Vazerol, Surava and Lantsch / Lenz.

With the new cantonal constitution of 1851 the circles created from the courts, the individual towns became political communities. In 1869, the municipality of Brienz / Brinzauls gave up their independence and merged with the municipality of Brienz- Surava Surava. Already in 1883, after only 14 years, the fusion partner parted again. Brienz / Brinzauls Surava and have since declined independent political communities.

On the night of 30th to March 31, 1874 a large fire has destroyed almost the entire village of Brienz. Affected the church and 24 of 37 homes. In rebuilding the main road was straightened and rebuilt to their several houses in generous masses and urban style.

Since 1981 Birmensdorf ZH is the godfather Municipality of Brienz. Since 1 January 1997, the municipality is formally double name Brienz / Brinzauls.

Vazerol

At Brienz / Brinzauls the settlement Vazerol belongs to the Julierstrasse where, in the former border area of the house of God and ten court covenant, 1471 which should have joined the Three Leagues. Lang was Vazerol as the Grisons Riitli. The inscription on the memorial stone: "In memory of the union of Upper federal government, the church and the Federal Courts Ten Federal Vazerol to 1471 " is somewhat faded. The thesis is rejected by recent historical research, an authentic certificate is missing. What is certain is that in the mid-15th century, the Council of the Three Leagues messengers have conducted their meetings in Vazerol. In Chur, there is on the government place a Vazerol monument and also a Vazerolgasse.

Population

Languages

The population traditionally speaks Surmeirisch, an idiom of Romansh. 1880 spoke virtually all residents Romanesque, in 1941 there were still 83%. Since 1970, the Romanesque fell sharply. Since 2000, dominated German and is now the only official language, although still half the population understands Romanesque.

Origin and nationality

All 114 residents, who were registered in late 2005, are Swiss nationals.

School

Since 2010, the municipalities Alvaschein, Brienz / Brinzauls, Lantsch / Lenz and Tiefencastel form the primary school and kindergarten association " Front Albula valley " with location in Lantsch / Lenz. Kindergarten and school are out Romansh. For the high school ( secondary and high school), the eleven municipalities of the Albula valley form a university consortium based in Tiefencastel.

Coat of arms

Blazon: Azure, three interlocking hung golden (yellow ) rings

The three rings remind you of the meeting of the Three Leagues on the located in the municipality of Hof Vazerol.

Economy, tourism

Brienz / Brinzauls is a typical agricultural community. In contrast to all other communities Mittelbünden the community ( compensation of the power stations for the use of water power ) will be without the so-called water rates. The community has little to offer industry. The aim is a sustainable tourism. Brienz / Brinzauls is connected to the tourism destination Lenzerheide. In the fraction Vazerol some second homes have been created lately.

Energy City

The label " Energy City " is an award for cities, municipalities and regions that provide above-average performance in the energy sector. Because the Albula is very active in the energy and environmental sectors, this valley with the communities Alvaneu, Berguen, Brienz / Brinzauls, Filisur, Lantsch / Lenz, Mon, Schmitten, Stierva, Surava, Tiefencastel and meadows was the first region to the Energy City label was certified.

Brienz / Brinzauls could also in 1991 for their efforts in the energy sector to accept the Swiss Solar Prize of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar".

Attractions

• In the late Gothic parish church Son Tgalester / St. Callistus is an altar from the studio of Ivo Striegel. He is one of the most important high altars of Graubünden.
• East of the village stands the ruins of Belfort.
• Beneath the ruins of Belfort is the Built in 1873 covered wooden bridge Belfort. Among the 1982/83 restored old Belfort bridge, a round-arched stone bridge ( barrel vault ), called " Paunt dalla dieschma " ( the Tenth bridge )