Bruntál

Bruntál ( Freudenthal German, Latin Vallis Gaudiorum, Polish Bruntal ) is a district town with 17,631 inhabitants ( 2005) in the north- east of the Czech Republic in the Moravian- Silesian district.

• 2.1 Place name
• 2.2 Demographics

• 4.1 tourism
• 4.2 industry

• 6.1 Mayor

• 7.1 districts
• 7.2 Katastralgemeinden

Geography

Location

The city is located east of Altvater Mountains in Lower dies ( Nízký Jeseník ) surrounded by the peaks of the Köhler mountain in the valley of the current flowing to the Mohra Schwarzbach ( Černý Potok ) ( Uhlířský vrch, 672 m), the basaltic cone remains of an extinct volcano, in the southwest, Vodárenský vrch 599 m, 563 m and Zadnà Zeleny vrch the mountain goats ( Kozinec, 639 m). Other surveys in the area are Venušina sopka ( 655 m), Velky Roudný (780 m) and Maly Roudný (770 m). The mountain streams Bukový Potok, Potok Kobylí and Mühlbach ( Vodárenský Potok ) run through the city.

Neighboring towns

Vegetation

The original forest cover of the Jeseníky consisted of beech forests; at higher altitudes there were pine forests. In mountain forests, there are spruce, fir, larch, birch, ash, beech, sallow, rowan, sycamore. Above the upper treeline grow planted krummholz pines. The core of the best quality forest resources are the most valuable parts of the Altvater Mountains ( Jeseníky ) and the adjacent areas of the die Low ( Nízký Jeseník ). It is protected under the Nature Reserve JESENÍKY on an area of 740 km ².

History

Freudenthal was founded in 1213 and is one of the oldest Czech royal cities.

Until the division of 1377 Freudenthal belonged to the Duchy of Opava. Afterwards, the city was temporarily in the possession of the Dukes of Jägerndorf and the Dukes of Ratibor and finally from 1473 the Lords of Vrbno on Freudenthal. The rule was carved out of the Duchy of Jägerndorf, rolled up into the Duchy of Opava and applicable to a minority rule.

1474 the castle of King Matthias was besieged, captured and destroyed by Hungary.

After the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, the rule was confiscated by the emperor and sold to the Teutonic Order. From 1682 to 1684 the Duchy Freudenthal was the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order by Johann Caspar Ampringen as governor of Silesia.

Over centuries of mining, especially the mining of precious metals, very important for the city and region was - the mountain man in the coat of arms refers to this time.

In the 19th century it came to industrialization. Where was mainly the textile industry with leather factories, bleaching factories, spinning and weaving of meaning. It was known the place for the production of the coveted Silesian House Linens. Also emerged during this period the Olomouc suburb, the Jägerndorfer suburb and suburb Neuss.

Until 1918 the city was the seat of the District Commission Freudenthal of crown land Silesia.

As a result of the undersigned on September 10, 1919 Treaty of Saint -Germain of the place came to the newly created Czechoslovakia. 1938, the district Freudenthal was incorporated in the district of Opava as part of the so-called Sudetenland to the German Reich.

Until the expulsion due to the Beneš decrees in the years 1945 and 1946 Freudenthal was inhabited mostly by Sudeten Germans.

From 1960 to 2002, the city was the seat of Okres Bruntál.

Place name

• Bruntál Czech, German Freudenthal ( 1325 Vreudenthal, 1397 Frewdenthal 1405 Fraydintal, 1560-1945 Freudenthal, 1771 Freydenthal ), Polish Bruntal, Silesian BRUNTAL, Latin Vallis Gaudiorum, Vrudental ( Freudenthal 1220, 1238-1263 Vreudendal 1263 Vrudental 1290 Wreudenthal, Freudentala, Vreudenthal, Vrudenthal ).
• Karlovec Czech, German Karlberg, Polish Karłowiec.
• Kunov Czech, German Kunau, Polish Kunów.

Originally, the German spelling Freudenthal was used, which is already in ancient writings as Vreudendal ( 1238 ), Vrudental ( 1263 ), Wrowdintal ( 1306) occupied. The Bohemian spelling Bruntál first appears in 1456.

In other languages ​​therefore often there are two different spellings:

• Russian: Брунталь, Фройденталь
• Yiddish: פרויידנטל ( Frojdental, Froydental )
• Greek: Μπρουντάλ ( Bruntal )
• Lithuanian: Bruntalis
• Arabic: برونتال ( BRUNTAL ), Hebrew: ברונטאל ( Bruntal )

Demographics

Population of the city Freudenthal:

Attractions

The historic city center including the castle Freudenthal ( Zámek Bruntál) was declared a conservation zone. Among the well-known monuments include the parish church of the Assumption, the Gabriel House, the Piarist Church of Mary comforter with a monastery, the company building, the chapel of St. Michael, the Mildner villa and the Evangelical Church.

At the located on the Köhlerberg, highly visible pilgrimage church " Maria Hilf" ( Kostel Panny Marie Pomocné ) performs a nearly two- century-old four-row avenue of lime trees.

The Hussite Church ( Kostel církve Československo Hussite ), the building of the vocational school and the commercial banking were reconstructed in the 1990s.

Parish Church Assumption

Reservoir Silesian Hartau

Castle Freudenthal

Castle Museum Freudenthal, interior view in the yard

Castle Museum Freudenthal, residence hall of the German Master of the Order

Castle Museum in Freudenthal, Library

Town hall

Economy

Tourism

Despite a number of environmental problems, which are the consequences of ill-considered intervention in nature, is one of the Bruntál region with its natural beauty to the tourist attractions Moravia- Silesia.

Industry

After February 1948, there was a gradual closure or expropriation of farms with local significance - mills, sawmills, slaughterhouses, breweries, small hydro, small businesses and the traditional textile industry.

In the 1970s and 1980s created a hydrometallurgical operation, a Kunststoffpresserei, central workshops, CSAO, ČSAD and others. In the district of one of the largest state farms was created in the republic.

After 1989 came the closure of many large farms and a shift to the service sector and small businesses.

Traffic

The station is located on the railway line Olomouc Opava východ ( Krnov ). On weekends also trains on the branch line to branch off here Malá Morávka.

From Jägerndorf also performs a highway today I/45 to Olomouc, which I/11 ( Hradec Kralove - Jablunkau ) crosses the road in the city.

Policy

Mayor

Bruntáls mayor since the end of 2006 František Struska ( CSSD ). The deputies are Ing Václav Mores (SNK; party of free candidates) and Bc. Petr Rys ( Bruntál 2006-2010 ).

Boroughs

Districts

• Bruntál ( Freudenthal )
• Karlovec ( Karlberg )
• Kunov ( Kunau )

Katastralgemeinden

• Bruntál -město ( Freudenthal City)
• Karlovec ( Karlberg )

Twinning

• Sebnitz, Germany
• Budingen, Germany
• Opole, Poland
• Castellerano, Italy
• Štúrovo, Slovakia
• Plunge, Lithuania

In Memmingen is the Freudenthal - Altvater - history museum.

Sons and daughters of the town

• Johann Riedel (1654-1736), sculptor and member of the Order of the Jesuits
• Joseph Krones (1797-1832), actor
• Therese Krones (1801-1830), actress
• Hanns Bruno Wittek (1895-1935), poet, storyteller and poet
• Irena Anders (1920-2010), Polish stage actress and singer
• Nather Friedrich (1924-2009), civil engineer and professor
• Wolfgang Niesner (1925-1994), graphic
• Hertha Scholz- Peschke (* 1929), artists
• Wolfgang Peter Woseipka ( b. 1939 ), artist
• Sigfried Held ( b. 1942 ), football player and coach
• Iva Bittová (born 1958 ), musician and actress
• Oldrich Machala ( b. 1963 ), football player and coach
• Leo Gudas (born 1965 ), ice hockey player and coach
• Martin Lukeš (born 1978 ), football player
• Lubomir Petruš (* 1990), cyclo-cross and road racing cyclist