Buchau Abbey

The free secular realm pen Buchau was founded on a Legacy 770 on the island Buchau in Federseemuseum in today's Upper Swabia. The monastery was a Frankish- Carolingian establishment and served the penetration and strategic security of the newfound power of the Frankish kingdom in the duchy of Alemannia, which later became in the duchy of Swabia. 1347 Abbess Anna von wine castle of the pen was first described as imperial princess, since the 16th century the monastery was imperial estate with blood jurisdiction. The pin took mainly the subsidiaries of different Upper Swabian noble lines of the Fuggers, Waldenburg, Montfort, Gundelfingen Lupfen, Koenigsegg and a number of non Swabian families from Tyrol, Alsace and on the eastern Austrian hereditary provinces of Carinthia and Bohemia. In the crypt of the Collegiate Church of St. Cornelius and Cyprian the sarcophagus is laid out with the body of the beatified monastery founder Adelindis.

History

After the founding legend was Adelindis, a daughter of Duke Hildebrand of Swabia and Duchess of Bavaria, sister Hildegard, wife of Charlemagne, after the death of her husband Atto, son of Count Russo of tragacanth, at the point at which this in combat died against the Huns in Planckental to 770 build a chapel and a convent where she died as the first abbess to 809. Is guaranteed that the monastery of Emperor Louis the Pious received in the year 819 possessions in Saulgau and in quantity. 857 it is called as proprietary monastery of Louis the German, when he transferred the Saulgauer possessions to the monastery of Reichenau and for Buchau compensated with royal estate in the Urmark Heath Mayrhofen. This exchange of goods went to a request Irmengards, the daughter of the king, back, which was abbess in Buchau at this time. In the 13th century the monastery is attributed to the Augustinian order, but was then a Kanonissenstift for noble ladies from Swabia. In 1347, the abbey was ennobled and thus reaching directly. 1415 the monastery was converted into a secular pin. It was able to extend his Stiftsgut, creating a small territory. In 1625, the domain Strassberg again fell to the pin. In 1802, the last Abbess Maria Maximiliana Esther was present from stadium to Tannhausen and Warthausen at the inauguration of the synagogue of the Jewish Community Kappel.

1803 the pin to the House of Thurn and Taxis, which administered it as part of the Empire Principality Buchau. At the time of secularization was the pin from the Princess-Abbess Maria Esther Maximiliana from stadium to Tannhausen and Warthausen and eight cloaked ladies. Two members of the Fugger family, three ladies from the home Waldenburg ( Wolfegg - Wolfegg and Wolfegg - Waldsee ), an Anna Maria Schenk von Castell, Countess Anna of the stadium and Countess Theresa of the Austrian family Dietrichsteinplatz.

In 1806 the Imperial Principality Buchau state law to the Kingdom of Württemberg, the former collegiate rule Strassberg, however, fell to the Principality of Hohenzollern - Sigmaringen. Administratively, was the division of the monastery in two offices. The financial management was in the hands of the Rentamt Buchau. The chief official was responsible for Publica, Jurisdictionalia, Criminalia and Polizeysachen

Status and possessions

Since the beginning of the modern era of the canonical status of the pen has always been more controversial. At the meeting of the Swabian kingdom circle he had the sixth voice to the secular prince Bank in the Swabian Imperial Count College and bore the title of princely frey worldly ladies pin.

In the Reichsmatrikel of 1521, the contribution of the pen to the army and the Imperial Chamber Court with monthly two horsemen, foot soldiers 10 or 90 guilders is estimated. In the Reichsmatrikel 1663 monthly 2 soldiers on horseback (as of 12 guilders), 6 foot soldiers (each 4 Gulden accordingly) or 48 guilders set. For comparison, came the imperial city Buchau to a power of 2 soldiers or 8 guilders.

At the beginning of secularization, the question was asked whether the pin is at all to secularize yet. The Swabian Imperial Count saw in the pen a charitable institution for their daughters. The Prince-Bishop of Constance insisted, however until recently that the pen is a corpus ecclesiasticum and was built as a collegiate church, whose members have residence and prayer commitments. In his description of the Oberamts Riedlingen 1827 Memminger represents the history of the congregation, and shall exercise in this context, significant criticism of this institution, which it rather than appearing as a luxury for Count Versorgungsanstalt daughters as a monastery. Literally it means, for example, in:

" The Canoness, which were in the lezten time 9, although known to the Rule of St.. Augustine, so were also called chorus women and lived in the sticks, but could easily escape and marry, and be-ing the year also away for some time. They lived in a building beysammen, Princess Abbess in his thrusting it wings. Each Canoness had 3 rooms and their own operation. "

The pen area was very scattered and diverse nature. It belonged to it:

The income was posted to 66000 florins ( guilders), which amounted to the abbess alone, according to an abbey bill of 1792, fl 12802 of money on fruits 12841/4, about as much Württemberg Zimri. Despite these nice income the pen reign was in a very disordered state. " Buchau was already at least five years before the mediatization gantmäßig [= a state of insolvency ] and had the interest payment sistirt. "

Later used

After the secularization of the monastery buildings were used initially as the administrative center and residential purposes. In the era of National Socialism, the former collegiate was a training center for the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV ), from 1945 it was briefly French barracks, from 1947 to 1979 children sanatorium Caritas. After complete restoration, additions and modernizations in the years 1991 and 1992, said of the book Auern " castle " building now serves as a rehabilitation center for neurology and psychosomatics.

The Collegiate Church of St Cornelius and Cyprian Catholic church is today.

Abbesses

• 770 Adelindis, founder
• 850-866 Irmengard
• By 902 -? Adelindis
• To 1021 Irmentraud
• 1021-1027 Abarhild
• 1027- ca. 1043 Hildegard
• 1043-1051 Uta ( Tutta )
• Approx. 1045 Egila
• 1051 -? Gertrude of Bindhaldt
• 1212-1213 Gertrude of Tegerfelden
• 1212-1216 Lukarda
• ...
• 1223-1247 Mechthild of Bien Castle
• 1247 -? Bechthildis
• 1267-1303 Adelheid by Mark Dorf
• 1303-1329 Catherine of Söffeln
• 1329-1353 Anne of wine castle
• 1353-1371 Adelhaid of Lupfen
• 1371-1402 Anne of Rüssegg
• 1402-1410 Anna Gundelfingen
• 1410-1426 Agnes of Tengen
• 1426-1449 Clare of Montfort
• 1449-1496 Become Margaret of mountain
• 1496-1497 Anne of Werdenberg
• 1497-1523 Barbara Gundelfingen
• 1523-1540 Elizabeth of Hohengeroldseck
• 1540-1556 Margaret of Montfort
• 1556-1594 Maria Jacoba von Schwarzenberg
• 1594-1610 Eleanor of Montfort
• 1610-1650 Catherine of Spaur
• 1650-1666 Frances de Montfort
• 1666-1692 Maria Theresia von Sulz
• 1692-1693 Mary Frances Steward of Zeil - Wurzach
• 1693-1742 Maria Theresia von Montfort
• 1742-1774 Maria Carolina of Königsegg
• 1775-1803 Maria Maximiliana of stadium