Budleigh Salterton

Budleigh Salterton is a village in the county of Devon on the English Channel coast in the south west of England. In 2001, Budleigh Salterton had 4805 inhabitants. It is part of the East Devon District.

Location

Budleigh Salterton is located about 21 kilometers southeast of the city of Exeter, seven kilometers east of Exmouth and about ten kilometers southwest of Sidmouth.

The town lies at the mouth of the River Otter. The mouth, a passed with reeds fertile marshland, is considered an important refuge for migratory birds and has been a nature reserve ( Site of Special Scientific Interest ) is explained. The bay has an approximately two-mile beach, which is formed of large pebbles. This pebble beach extends from Littleham Cove in the west to Otterton Ledge in the East, where the Otter flows into the English Channel.

The village

The village was originally called Salterne because earlier salt was obtained in large salt flats at the mouth of the river.

Budleigh Salterton is almost exclusively residential area, most companies are in or near the High Street. The main street of Budleigh Salterton with many remarkable buildings is now a protected monument. Set in a listed house with a thatched roof, the fair Lynch museum with an exhibition on the history and geology of the region. It shows dolls, costumes, lace and braids and other exhibitions of regional concern. The museum also has a local archive.

There is a regular bus service to Exmouth and Sidmouth.

Geology

Jurassic Coast

From Orcombe Point in Exmouth, up to Old Harry Rocks, east of Studland Bay, extends in East Devon and Dorset, a 155 km long strip whose coastline and cliffs was declared as the first natural landscape in England by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The cliffs in the area of Budleigh Salterton is a part of this so-called Jurassic Coast and Budleigh Salterton itself is an official access point (gateway Town ) on this Küstengeotop.

Budleigh Salterton lies on the route of the so-called World Heritage Tour ( also known as a "walk through time" ), which begins in Orcombe Point and reached after six kilometers Budleigh Salterton. The natural outcrops along the Jurassic Coast form a substantially continuous succession of rocks of the Triassic, the Jurassic and the Cretaceous, which represents about 185 million years of Earth's history. The rock strata of the Jurassic Coast are usually slightly inclined to the east, so the geologically oldest part is located in the west of this World Heritage Site. To the east the cliffs of successively younger rocks are built. The depositional area, who recorded the sedimentary series of the Jurassic Coast at the time, is the so-called Wessex Basin.

In the area of Budleigh Salterton the older rocks of the succession of the Jurassic Coast are open. They originate mainly the Triassic. The rock series were assigned to the " Sherwood Sandstone Group " of the so-called New Red Sandstone in the course of geological exploration of southern England and divided into two well distinguishable layer packages: which is dominated by conglomerates Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds Formation and conglomerates auflagernde, more of fine-grained sediments such as sand - and siltstones formed Otter Sandstone Formation. Both rock sequences are striking red and were dissolved in dry, partly wüstenhaftem Air deposited. The sea water in this part of the coast turns red when the waves by leached sediment particles.

Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates

The pebbles in the Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds consist mainly of hard, reddish, yellowish or gray quartzite. This quartzite cobbles are often 10 or 20, sometimes up to 40 inches tall and have significant impact brands, originating from transport to its present position. Furthermore, there are the cobbles of black Turmalinit or turmalinreichem hornfels and quartz. Relatively rare pebbles of sandstone, the fossils of Ordovician brachiopods even rarer are included. In more northerly, domestic outcrops of Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates decreases the average size of the cobbles and it turned increasingly sandstone layers in the sequence.

The material that makes up the majority of the pebbles, it is called Armorican quartzite, a rock that is not found in the British Isles, but is typical of the Ordovician of the mainland of Central, Western and Southern Europe. The space next to Budleigh Salterton deposits are located in the north- western France. Only the Turmalinit or hornfels can be relatively sure the contact area of only about 20 kilometers west forthcoming Dartmoor granite assign.

It is in the Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates to the deposits of a river system with gravel bed. This because of its relatively steep gradient fast-flowing rivers brought the quartzite pebbles from the south called the Armorican massif in today Brittany. Smaller tributaries washed cobbles from the immediately adjacent west Cornu trifle solid in the main arms, including the Turmalinit or hornfels from the vicinity of the Dartmoor granite. Armorican Massif and Cornu Bisches are part of the Variscan Massive mountains, but that was in the early Triassic been largely eroded. The extensive river system whose deposits represent the Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates, is in the geological literature as the Budleighensis River system ( river system of Budleigh ).

Over the past millennia, the cobbles were washed by sea surf and rain continuously from the fallen from the cliffs and rock cliffs and even today form the beach of Budleigh Salterton. Presumably cobbles were further transported during heavy storms by waves and strong currents from here to the east to Chesil Beach and even to Lulworth Cove and the Isle of Wight.

Otter Sandstone Formation

In the hanging wall of Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates follows the Otter Sandstone Formation, named after the River Otter flows near Budleigh Salterton in the English Channel. In its basal portion, west of Budleigh Salterton, is the Otter Sandstone from dune sediments that supports a ventifacts horizon at the upper end of Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates directly, and thus can be interpreted as a desert deposit. The ventifacts also show that the top layer of conglomerates have been exposed to the wind before the deposition of the Otter Sandstone long time and therefore must be gapes a hiatus between Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates and Otter sandstone. Inter alia Therefore, the sandstone is clearly younger than the estimated conglomerates and placed in the middle Triassic. East of the Otter Estuary fluvial follow, some significantly coarser-grained sandstones to their deposition time, the air apparently was slightly less dry. The river sediments of the Otter Sandstone also be attributed to the activity of the Budleighensis River system.

Others

In the footwall of Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates, a little further west in the small bay Littleham Cove the Littleham Mudstone Formation is unlocked. It is V.A. in terms of their radioactive concretions containing vanadium and uranium minerals are known.

The cliffs of the cliffs in the area of Budleigh Salterton are type locality and type profile or part of the type profile of Littleham - mudstone and Budleigh Salterton - conglomerates and the Otter sandstone.