Bunjevci

The Bunjewatzen ( Serbo-Croatian Bunjevci / Буњевци, Hungarian bunyevácok ) are a South Slavic ethnic group of predominantly Roman Catholic denomination. They live in the historic region of Backa, which is located in today's Vojvodina in northern Serbia and part of Hungary (triangle Baja Subotica - Sombor ), and speak the language Bunjewakische, a ikavisch - štokavischen dialect. After the referendum in 2002 in Serbia 20,012 Bunjewatzen live mostly in Vojvodina.

At the time of Austria -Hungary, the Backa belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary. After the First World War, the largest part of this area of Serbia in 1918 and annexed in 1974, part of the autonomous Serbian province of Vojvodina.

Ethnic classification

Many scientists (see Matija Poljaković, Ante Sekulic, Lajčo Budanović, Ivan Evetović, Petar Pekić, Rudolf Horvat, Matija Evetović, Geza Kikić ) take on the basis of language, religion, family name, cultural connections, and other criteria that the Bunjewatzen originally from the regions Dalmatia (Zadar, Ravni kotari, Cetina ), Podgorje ( Primorsky Bunjevci: Senj, Krivi Put Jablanac, Krasno ), Lika and from Herzegovina ( the area around Buna, Čitluk, Medjugorje ) and provided that in the 18th century have settled in southern Hungary.

In Hungary and Croatia Bunjewatzen be summarized as Croats, if they are not themselves as Croats oa declare. However, tens of thousands want to be recognized as a distinct ethnic group, especially in Serbia. Before and during the time of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the recent history of Serbian ethnologists tried to attribute the Bunjewatzen of their own ethnic group and to describe as " Catholic Serbs ".

Cultural Center of the Bunjewatzen from Backa is the city of Subotica. Cultural center of Primorsky Bunjevci is the town of Senj. In Senj there is a Bunjewatzen Museum, a football club and a Bunjevac Bunjevačka ulica ( Bunjewatz Street).

Kroatisierung the Bunjewatzen

In the current Croatian and Hungarian population statistics do not dive the category " Bunjewatzen " on. In Hungary, it rejected the Parliament in 2006 to recognize the Bunjewatzen as an independent nationality, so they continue to qualify as part of the Croatian minority.

If one follows the mentions of Bunjewatzen in historical censuses Austria -Hungary and later Yugoslavia, so dive this only in passing in individual endorsements on and are summarized from the beginning with the Serbs as Illyrians, Dalmatians, Serbs and Serbo-Croats. The beginning of the Kroatisierung Catholic Raszier, as they were called because of their origin, as well, was laid down in various meetings of the Communist Party already during the Second World War. In the coming Census of the People's Republic of Yugoslavia from 1945 Bunjewatzen were numbered among the basis of the assumed non-existence of its own popularity ( narodnost ) with the Sokac the Croats. To this end, there were open letters that contain clear instructions to "correct " the collected data from public opinion polls. Furthermore, making the later dictator Josip Broz Tito, who counted himself to the Croatian popularity, personally strongly in a speech on 8 May 1945 for the Kroatisierung the Bunjewatzen by blaming the Serbian chauvinism in Vojvodina, why the Croats it is recognized that he was a Croat, and is referred to as Bunjewatze. Only in the plebiscite in 1991 after the takeover of Slobodan Milošević, the Bunjewatzen are listed in the census for the first time and only in Serbia as an independent ethnic group. Their particular career that makes them appear after the fall of Tito's heritage in 1989 for the first time when connecting with the Serbs in Vojvodina to the Principality of Serbia, and the second time, as well as a strong lobbying Croatia prevent the theming the issue of standardization and recognition to European level.

Famous people

Scientists:

  • Josif Pančić (1814-1888), Serbian academics and botanist
  • Gaja Alaga (1924-1988), Croatian physicist
  • Mirko Vidaković (1924-2002), Croatian academic and botanist

Writer:

  • Ivan Antunović
  • Aleksa Kokić
  • Ante - Evetović Miroljub
  • Matija Poljaković
  • Ivan Kujundžić
  • Ivo Prcić junior
  • Antun Gustav Matoš
  • Mijo Mandic (1857-1945)
  • Josip Buljovčić
  • Balint Vujkov
  • Petar Šarčević (1935-2001)
  • Petko Vojnić Purčar
  • Ante Sekulic (1920 )
  • Vojislav Sekelj (1946 )
  • Tomislav Žigmanov (1967 )

Politicians:

  • Ante Starčević
  • Ivan Antunović
  • Ambrozije Šarčević (1820-1899)
  • Pajo Kujundžić (1859-1915)
  • Blaško Rajic (1878-1951)
  • Josip Đido Vukovic (1890-1950)
Hungarian language Buna (Neretva) 18th century Ethnology Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Matica hrvatska
153771
de