C. F. Varley

Cromwell Fleetwood Varley ( born April 6, 1828 in Kentish Town, London, † September 2, 1883 in Bexleyheath, South England ) was a British electrical engineer.

He was the second of ten children of the painter Cornelius Varley. A brother was Samuel Alfred Varley ( 1832-1921 ).

He went in 1846 to the newly formed Electric Telegraph Company, where he in 1852 Chief Engineer for the London area and in 1861 became head of the company.

He dealt with electrical message transfer and invented in 1854 a double-stream encryption, and use a suitable double -current relay (see telegraph relay).

After 1858, the first transatlantic cable broke, he became a member of the investigating committee. To compensate for the self-induction in submarine cables, he suggested capacitors, which was implemented in the 1866 transatlantic telegraph cable laid. Here he solved Wildman Whitehouse as chief electrician from the cable company.

When he returned from this expedition, he had left his wife Ellen ( née Rouse ) in favor Ion Perdicaris and the marriage was divorced in 1873. Four years later he married Jessie Heleanor.

He achieved fame with the Varleyschen bridge circuit for fault localization in deep-sea cables.

In 1870 he invented the Cymaphen, a telegraph that could transmit speech.

He formed a partnership with William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin and Fleeming Jenkin to market their telegraphic instruments.