C. Robert Cloninger

Claude Robert Cloninger ( born April 4, 1944 in Beaumont ( Texas)) is an American psychiatrist and geneticist who conducts research on the biological, psychological and social bases of mental disorders.

Cloninger's work covers the genetics, neurobiology, personality development and the emergence of personality disorders. In prospective studies of adopted children identified and he described hereditary personality traits, which represent a tendency to alcoholism and other psychiatric disorders. In 1998, he conducted a genetic study of normal personality traits and developed the two personality questionnaires Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire ( TPQ ) and temperament and Character Inventory ( TCI).

The American Psychiatric Association has honored Robert Cloninger for his work with the Judd marble Award 2009.

Temperament and Character Inventory

In the questionnaire, which he developed in 1989, he defined " four dimensions of temperament ":

In 1993, the definition of " three dimensions of character "

Selected items

  • Cloninger, CR (2006): The science of well-being: An integrated approach to mental health and its disorders. In: World Psychiatry, 5, pp. 71-76.
  • Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., Przybeck, T.R. (2006): Can personality assessment predict future depression? A twelve- month follow- up of 631 subjects. In: J Affective Disorder, 92 (1 ), pp. 35-44.
  • Cloninger, CR (2003): Completing the psychobiological architecture of human personality development: Temperament, Character, & Coherence. In: UM Staudinger & UER Lindenberger (Eds.), Understanding human development: Dialogues with lifespan psychology (pp. 159-182 ). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • Cloninger, CR (2002): The discovery of susceptibility genes for mental disorders. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99 (21 ), 13365-13367.
  • Cloninger, CR (2000): Biology of personality dimensions. In: Current Opinions in Psychiatry, 13, pp. 611-616.
  • Cloninger, CR (1999): A new conceptual paradigm from genetics and psychobiology for the science of mental health. In: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 33, pp. 174-186.
  • Cloninger, CR, Svrakic, NM, & Svrakic, DM ( 1997): Role of personality self -organization in development of mental order and disorder. In: Development and Psychopathology, 9, pp. 881-906.
  • Cloninger, CR (1994 ): The genetic structure of personality and learning: a phylogenetic perspective. In: Clinical Genetics, 46, pp. 124-137.
  • Cloninger, CR, Svrakic, DM, & Przybeck, TR (1993 ): A psychobiological model of temperament and character. In: Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 975-990.
  • Cloninger, CR, Przybeck, TR, & Svrakic, DM ( 1991): The tridimensional personality questionnaire: U.S. normative data. In: Psychological Reports, 69, pp. 1047-1057.
  • Hansenne, M., Delhez, M., Cloninger, C. R. (2005): Psychometric properties of the Temperament and Character Inventory - Revised in a Belgian sample. In: J Person Assess, 85, pp. 40-49.
  • Gillespie, NA, Cloninger, CR, Heath, AC, Martin, NG (2003): The genetic and environmental relationship in between Cloninger 's dimensions of temperament and character. In: Personality and Individual Differences, 35, pp. 1931-1946.
  • Grucza, R. A., Przybeck, T.R., Cloninger, C. R. (2005): Personality as a mediator of demographic risk factors for suicide Attempts in a community sample. In: Comprehensive Psychiatry, 46, pp. 214-222.
  • Sullivan, S., Cloninger, CR, Przybeck, TR, Klein, S. ( 2007): Personality characteristics in obesity and relationship with successful weight loss. In: Int J Obes ( Lond. ), 31, pp. 667-674.
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