Cacteae
Echinocactus polycephalus
The Cacteae are a monophyletic tribe in the subfamily Cactoideae from the cactus family.
Description
The spherical to kurzsäuligen plants grow singly or in upholstery. Their size varies from dwarf ( Turbinicarpus ) to huge ( Ferocactus ). Your non-segmented stem axis is ribbed ( Echinocactus ), wart -supporting ( coryphantha ) or ribbed warts supporting. The size and shape of the warts range from long and leaf-like ( Leuchtenbergia principis ) to wide provided with flat axillae ( Turbinicarpus ). The areoles are usually oval, ribbon-like, grooved or dimorphic. The small to medium-sized, regular to rare bilaterally symmetrical flowers appear below the apex and open during the day. The fruits are fleshy and juicy berry-like, with a scaly to bare pericarp. You are not aufplatzend to aufplatzend or simply disintegrating. The small to large seeds are variable in both shape and also as the surface structure of the seed coat.
Systematics and distribution
The Tribe Cacteae in the United States, Mexico, Canada ( Escobaria vivipara ), Caribbean ( Mammillaria colombiana ), Venezuela and Colombia widespread. The main distribution area is Mexico.
After Urs Eggli (2005) the following genera belong to the tribe:
- Acharagma ( N.P.Taylor ) Glass
- Ariocarpus Scheidw.
- Astrophytum Lem.
- Aztekium Boed.
- Coryphantha ( Engelm. ) Lem.
- Echinocactus Link & Otto
- Echinomastus Britt. & Rose
- Epithelantha F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose
- Escobaria Britton & Rose
- Ferocactus Britton & Rose
- Geohintonia Glass & Fitz Maurice Geohintonia mexicana
- Leuchtenbergia principis
- Mammilloydia candida
- Obregonia denegrii
- Ortegocactus macdougallii
- Strombocactus disciformis
Botanical history
The term was first used by Augustin- de Candolle Pyrame in 1828 and seven years later also used by John Lindley. Joseph Salm- Dyck Reifferscheidt used the term in his work Cacteae in Horto Dyckensi Cultae as a generic term for the described therein twenty cacti, which he filed in the three main groups Cacteae Rotatae, Rhipsalideae and Cacteae Tubulosae. Franz Buxbaum recognized in the tribe, which he described as Echinocacteae, the first time a phylogenetic unit.