Calcium gluconate
E 578
- 299-28-5 (anhydrous)
- 66905-23-5 (monohydrate)
- A12AA03
- D11AX03
White solid
Fixed
178 ° C
30 g · l-1 in water (20 ° C)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconic acid.
Calcium gluconate is used as an acidity regulator, but in the chemical industry and in the food industry. It is added to foods as a complexing agent, acidity regulator or stabilizer. It is in the EU as a food additive called E 578 no maximum limit ( quantum satis ) generally approved for food.
Because of its good absorption characteristics of calcium gluconate is, inter alia, in the form of the more soluble double salt, calcium lactate gluconate part of many calcium supplements used in dietetic foods. Calcium gluconate has a calcium content of 9% and a solubility in water of 35 g / L at 25 ° C. Another field of application is the use of a so-called Anti-caking agent.
In emergency medicine, calcium gluconate is used as an antidote for use. Here it is, for example, locally and systemically in burns in cases of poisoning with highly toxic and corrosive hydrofluoric acid or hydrogen fluoride ( HF) and fluorides used. Here, the effective ingredient of calcium ions (Ca2 ), which are present in aqueous calcium gluconate solution. The calcium ions combine with the free fluoride ion (F- ) in the body that are responsible for the harmful effects of hydrofluoric acid, with the formation of insoluble calcium fluoride (CaF2 ) and thus make them harmless. In addition, the calcium gluconate ensures that the calcium levels, which declined due to the reaction of endogenous calcium with fluoride ions to normal. Emergency may be administered as a first-aid measure, other calcium-containing medium; For example, it may help to drink milk in order to inhibit the absorption of fluoride ions.
For prevention of osteoporosis carries an increased calcium intake of about 1 g / day (at basic therapy DVO ).
Calcium gluconate is also used for emergency treatment of hyperkalemia in order to counteract the K -induced depolarization, especially at heart. It must be the contraindications, hypercalcaemia and digitization, are observed. The dosage is 10 ml of 10% calcium gluconate, the effect is short term ( 30 minutes).