Calcium nitrate

• Mauersalpeter
• Of lime

Colorless, deliquescent, monoclinic prisms ( tetrahydrate)

Fixed

• 2.46 g · cm -3 ( anhydrous)
• 1.82 g · cm -3 ( tetrahydrate)

• 561 ° C ( anhydrous)
• 45 ° C ( tetrahydrate)

Decomposition

Well in water ( 1470 g · l-1 at 0 ° C, 2710 g · l -1 at 40 ° C as tetrahydrate)

Attention

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Calcium nitrate is the calcium salt of nitric acid, and has the empirical formula of Ca (NO3 ) 2 " Lime or Norgesalpeter " is used as a fertilizer.

Occurrence

Calcium nitrate is formed when ammonium nitrate from animal manure by moisture penetrates walls and reacts with the lime from the mortar. The result is the so-called Wall salt or Mauersalpeter that destroys the walls slowly. In history there have been Salpeterer who wandered around and this salt scraped from the walls, cleaned and sold. Because of its high affinity for water assets, it is not used directly, but must be converted to potassium nitrate. For this product then black powder was prepared.

Production and representation

Calcium nitrate can be prepared from calcium carbonate or calcium oxide and nitric acid:

The reaction of calcium with nitric acid is also possible:

Calcium nitrate is also on walls a kind of white veil, which has the consistency of cotton wool. It can sweep off with a broom or scrape with a spatula. The salt is dissolved in water, the impurities fall then onto the floor. The salt solution is poured off carefully evaporated and dried. However, it is usually contaminated with other salts.

See: Salpetersieder