Calymmanthium
Calymmanthium substerile in the Botanical Garden Dresden
Calymmanthium substerile is the only species of the monotypic genus in the tribe Calymmanthium Calymmantheae of the cactus family ( Cactaceae ). The botanical name of the genus is composed of the Greek κάλυμμα kalymma for, plating ' and ἄνθος for Anthos, bloom ' and refers to the plant tissue, which envelops the flower bud. The epithet of the species has likely been selected by Knight, since the plant was first discovered by him, a single copy without fruit.
Description
The plants grow to shrub - tree-shaped, with many more or less upright shoots and high up to 8 m. The drives themselves are segmented, light green and up to a meter long and 4 to 12 cm in diameter. There are trained 3 to 4 thin, wing-like fins, which are notched striking. On the clearly recognized, 3-6 mm in diameter, large areolae becoming sit 1-6 strong, straight and whitish central spines. These are up to 5 cm long. In addition, be trained per areole 3-8 0.5 to 1 cm long spines.
The plants are night-flowering plant. The flower is narrow tube amps to bell-shaped, 9 to 11.5 cm long and 3-5 cm in diameter. The outer petals are reddish to brown, the inner white. The Perikarpell and the corolla tube are occupied with small scales and woolly areoles. There are trained fleshy, bright green fruits that do not tear open at maturity. The gray- black seeds is 2.5 x 1.5 mm in size and dull.
Distribution, systematics and hazard
The species was discovered on August 8, 1954 by Friedrich Ritter on his first trip to the Marañón. In 1958, Knight of the plant provisionally a new genus, Diploperianthium ( German = Doppelhüllenblüter, in relation to the veiled flower tube ), on. This description, however, is invalid according to the rules of the ICBN. 1962, was the first description in cacti and other succulents, the journal of the German Cactus Society. 1966 Knight described a second species in the genus Calymmanthium namely Calymmanthium fertile. This species is, however, made synonymous with the first-described type.
Knight suspected on the basis of similarities in habit, a relationship of the genus to Dendrocereus. However, the seeds of Calymmanthium also has a great similarity to Corryocactus what a relationship suggests that effect.
Plants have their dissemination in Peru, on the lower reaches of the Huancabamba in the regions of Amazonas and Cajamarca.
In the Red List of Threatened Species IUCN, the type is known as " Least Concern ( LC) ," ie, than not led at risk.