Camera-ready

As a master all the necessary documentation for the manufacture of printing plates in different printing methods are called.

In a narrower sense artwork are immediately necessary for the production of the printing form two-dimensional templates that are created as a result of the production Reprotechnik and are usually from movies. Since the introduction of digital printing plate exposure (CTP ) is also required for the production of the printing form data, such as image and PDF files are referred to as printing templates.

History of printing templates

Before the invention of photography in 1835 consisted print templates from either handwritten text or drawings and painted pictures. Hand compositors, lithographers and artists had the task of creating these templates from the corresponding printing plates and printing blocks. The coasters made ​​from single letters the sentence for manuscripts that recorded lithographer, engraved or punctured by black and white or color documents and wrote texts on the lithographic stone and the artists featured mostly monochromatic woodcuts, wood engravings, etchings, copper and steel engravings ago.

In the second half of the 19th century, especially after the invention of glass engraving screen in 1881, there has been growing photographic images as artwork. These were screened in process cameras and copied to the printing form after manual editing of the plate or film. From drawings to put forth line or halftone photographs and painted colorful pictures and diagrams were used as a template for so-called photographic color separations for multicolor printing. With typewriters created manuscripts handwritten texts came off as a master and were placed on typesetting machines in single letters or in rows.

From 1950 there was the first artwork in the form of color prints or slides. The colored and black and white photographs were mostly retouched Positivretuscheuren. From the color palettes of repro photographer created with the help of color filters color separations in the form of Halbtonnegativen or scanning negatives forth on photographic plates or films. The task of Farblithografen or Tiefdruckretuscheuren was to correct the color separations manually. In the late 1950s, a photographic masking technique was developed, so that hardly any manual corrections were necessary. The so-called Composing images, text and graphical elements were copied together to smooth Endfilmen and served as a template for printing plates.

At the beginning of the 1960s phototypesetting replaced the lead sentence and the texts were delivered on film. At the same time, drum scanner developed and presented manufactures electronic color separations. In the high pressure plates were prepared by the Klischograph, while in rotogravure printing of Helioklischograph provided corresponding print templates. The electronics progressed inexorably and the late 1970s, the first EBV- systems have been developed. Artwork became more and more supplied in the form of digitized data. On the computer complete artwork created on film for all methods of printing industry. For a number of years there have been several parallel process paths in the artwork production. Until the 1990s, there were both the conventional and the electronic process path side by side. Only through the development of computer technology, desktop publishing, the conventional methods have been largely replaced. Especially the Apple technology influenced the electronic image editing and page layout. Image design software, such as Photoshop, Corel Draw, Illustrator and FreeHand along with TIFF and PostScript formats enabled the data transfer.

When computer -to-plate method (CTP ) (from 1993) the offset printing plate is in an imagesetter imaged directly with computer data, without going through a movie. Something similar occurs in the low pressure at which the low- pressure cylinder is engraved directly from the database. The latest development since 2008 is called computer -to-press or direct imaging, a method by which the printing plates are imaged directly on the press. This eliminates the manual clamping and setting up the printing plate.

Job titles

In earlier centuries there were a large number of professions that are concerned with the production or processing of print templates. These included the high pressure wood cutter, hand compositors, machine translator, photo coasters, Metteure, stereotype Eure, Galvanoplastiker, repro photographers Chemigrafen, Klischeeätzer, trimmer and printers. In lithographic printing, there was the font, Chromo, engraving, photo lithographers and repro photographer, and lithographer. In gravure printing, worked Repro photographers Tiefdruckretuscheure, Tiefdruckätzer and gravure printers. For all three printing methods Graphic artist, graphic designer, Positivretuscheure, advertising photographer and poster artist worked.

From 1974, many professions the individual printing processes have been combined. The names were different to some extent between the Federal Republic and the GDR. So it was across the printmaker in the fields of repro photography, retouching and repro repro preparation. In the GDR, these professions were called skilled workers for typesetting technology, reproductive technology and platemaking. From 2008 is the name of all printing processes comprehensive training professional media designer with the disciplines of counseling and planning, design and visualization, as well as digital and print, with concern only the last two disciplines with print templates.

247558
de