Camille Claudel

Camille Claudel ( born December 8, 1864 in Fere -en- Tardenois, † October 19, 1943 in Montdevergues, Vaucluse ) was a French sculptor and painter.

Life

Childhood and youth

After the birth of the second-born Camille ( the first-born Charles Henri died at the age of two weeks) the mother wept Louise Athenaise Cervaux - Claudel, the so wanted a boy, and then said no more. Also, the fact that Camille's mother had at the age of four years, lost her own mother and himself knew no mother love was a major influence on the ratio of the mother to her daughter.

1866 Camille's sister Louise Jeanne was born, two years later, the brother of Paul Louis. Both the father, Louis- Prosper Claudel, as well as the younger brother, the poet Paul Claudel, had an intimate relationship with Camille. Even before the fall of the Second Empire Louis- Prosper Claudel was transferred to Bar-le- Duc. Camille was enrolled there as a six- year-old. Later, the children were given a private tutor. Up to the age of twelve Camille lives in Bar-le- Duc. " Le Monument de cœur de René de Chalon " - usually called " Le Transi " or " Le Squelette " - in the Church of St. Etienne in Bar-le -Duc of Richier, Camille should have fascinated early on. In the adolescent girls Rocks exercised a special fascination, she was regarded as possessed by the modeling. The father promoted the talent of his daughter. In 1876 he was transferred to Nogent -sur -Seine, where the sculptor Paul Dubois, since 1878 director of the Paris Academy of Fine Arts ( École nationale supérieure des beaux -arts de Paris), and his student Alfred Boucher worked. 1879 Camille's father asked Boucher about his opinion about the youth work of the fifteen year old Camille. This encouraged Camille to seriously pursue the sculpture. Since women were not admitted at the time at the academy to study, he recommended visiting the private Académie Colarossi, one of the few art schools where female students were admitted.

When his father 1879/80 and had to go Wassy -sur -Blaise for professional reasons, he taught the family to better inform the children and at the request of Camille 1881 an apartment in Paris at the Gare Montparnasse. In the same year, the sixteen -year-old Camille joined the Académie Colarossi. Soon they found a circle of young sculptors with whom they a studio in the Rue Notre- Dame-des -Champs shared. She became the spokesperson for the group. Among this circle also included three Englishwomen, including Jessie Lipscomb, who was a close friend. Each week Boucher visited the studio to teach and correct. 1883 Boucher received a scholarship Italy. His representative was his friend Auguste Rodin.

Camille Claudel and Rodin

1883 met Camille and the 43 -year-old (24 years older ) sculptor Auguste Rodin together in loose pupil-teacher ratio. Rodin modeled 1884 first portrait bust of Camille Claudel, a version in bronze is in the Musée Rodin in Paris. In 1885, Camille exhibited for the first time. The end of 1885 Camille Claudel made ​​along with Jessie Lipscomb advantage of the offer to work in the studio Rodin.

1886 Camille and Jessie traveled for a longer Somme Rauf stop to Peterborough to Jessie's family. Rodin travels to them. After many failed attempts to meet Camille, Jessie persuaded her parents to invite Rodin to eat. The meeting was, however, unhappy for both and Rodin traveled depressed again. In a letter to Rodin Camille relented and gave conciliatory.

On October 12, 1886 Rodin began a contract letter on which was probably dictated by Paul Claudel and Rodin in which undertook to Camille to teach the only student and to support with all means, that is also to influence their work would be well placed in exhibitions and discussed positively in the press.

The contract letter he undertook continue to engage until May 1887 no other woman, neither one of the former female models even with pupils. Furthermore, Camille demanded to be photographed by renowned photographer Etienne Carjat, a six-month trip to Italy, an equestrian monument - if Rodin should get this job - run and eventually marry her. In return, she agrees to Rodin four times a month to receive until May 1887 in her studio. None of the agreements was fully met, some only partially. From the spring of 1887 Jessie and an English friend were back in the studio Rodin.

The relationship between Camille and Rodin were difficult in the whole time. There were quarrels, mood swings and emotional outbursts. In the summer, both traveled, as well as in 1890 and 1891, the Chateau l' Islette. 1888 Camille Claudel left the parental home, because she could not work there and the mother disapproved of both the relationship with the much older Rodin and basically her work as a sculptor.

She rented a small apartment on the house at 113 Boulevard d'Italie. Nearby Rodin had a secret, unofficial studio in the palace Palais film - Neufbourg, which had already Alfred de Musset and George Sand lived. Here, Rodin and Camille met. To 1888/89 had a brief affair with Camille Claude Debussy, but it was completed in 1891. But Rodin met her at the time and worked in his studio.

In 1892 it left the common studio. From 1893 to Camille separated work and everyday life and ended the relationship with Rodin. After the separation, she became financially and emotionally into a deep crisis. 1898 Camille left the Boulevard d'Italie and settled for a year in the Rue de Turenne 63. In 1899 she moved to the Quai Bourbon 19, where they lived until 1913, in a dark, messy and cluttered two-bedroom apartment. Claudel had changed physically from a 1899 slim woman in an unsightly, bloated woman. Around 1905 were the symptoms of a mental illness, which was referred to her time as paranoia, obviously. From 1905 on she destroyed systematically every summer a lot of their works. In her paranoia she accused Rodin of plagiarism and a conspiracy. They also had a delusions of poisoning. Over the years, her condition continued to deteriorate.

Illness and death

From the death of his father on March 2, 1913 Camille did not receive any message. That's why she did not appear at the funeral. As Camille's father, her last secret supporter and defender, was now dead, decided Camille's mother and her brother to be hospitalized Camille in a mental institution. One day after the funeral of the brother of a Dr. Michaux settled issue the admission certificate. On March 7, the director of the Institute advised the certificate that he did not consider sufficient to supplement, whereby the briefing was delayed. On Monday, March 10, 1913 Camille was broken apartment and they themselves brought into the institution Ville- Évrard against their will. Responsible for the home - Ville Évrard Dr. Truelle exhibited a second certificate that has the same symptoms were as described on the previous certificate. In September 1914, he was transferred by Camille Montdevergues ( Vaucluse ) in southern France.

Camille Claudel spent the last 30 years of her life almost forgotten in psychiatric institutions, created without a further work and without having had success ever again. Camille had the institution, according to prison management can leave in the early 1920s, but rejected the mother who had them as well as the sister never visited in the institutions, the dismissal from decided.

Camille died on 19 October 1943 in Montdevergues, where she was also buried.

Works

  • 1880 Diana (gypsum)
  • 1882 Old Helene ( versions in plaster, terracotta and bronze)
  • 1884 Torso of a squatting woman ( in koloriertem plaster and as a bronze cast )
  • 1884 Young Romans (several versions of gypsum, several bronze versions )
  • 1884 Portrait of Louise - Athanaise Claudel (oil paintings, destroyed)
  • 1885 Bust of Louise Claudel ( versions in terracotta, plaster and bronze)
  • 1885 Study of a hand ( in plaster, lost, and Bronze)
  • 1885 Study of a Head ( in plaster likeness of Auguste Rodin's sculpture "greed " )
  • 1885 Study of a Head ( in plaster )
  • 1885 Giants ( lost in plaster and bronze casts more )
  • 1885 Jessie Lipscomb ( Terracotta )
  • 1885-1888 Two series charcoal drawings from Gerardmer and the Isle of Wight
  • 1886 Jessie Lipscomb ( charcoal drawing )
  • 1887 Portrait of Auguste Rodin ( Oil Painting)
  • 1887 Portrait of Auguste Rodin ( charcoal drawing )
  • 1888 Bust of Rodin ( terracotta, lost, several plaster versions, several bronze versions )
  • 1888 Shakuntala (sculpture) ( colored plaster, terracotta several versions, about 75 bronze casts, 1905 known in marble as Vertumnus and Pomona )
  • 1888 Paul Claudel ( colored pencil drawing)
  • 1889 Charles Lhermitte as a child ( in plaster, lost, and Bronze)
  • 1889 Young girl with hood. The prayer ( in plaster, bronze and lost )
  • C.1890 yourself stretching cat ( Bronze)
  • C.1890 Girl with a sheaf ( terracotta and various bronzes )

Adaptations

  • Her life was made ​​into a film in 1988 under the title film Camille Claudel with Madeleine Robinson as a mother, Isabelle Adjani as Camille Claudel and Gérard Depardieu as Rodin, directed by Bruno Nuytten. In addition to two nominations for the Oscars 1990, the film was able to prevail by 14 nominations for winning the César 1989 7.
  • Her works can be found among others in the Musée d' Orsay in Paris. According to her, a social therapeutic hostel for mentally ill people in Hürth was named.
  • A Camille Claudel dedicated theater project in Linz Posthof had premiere in February 2009 - Camille Claudel, directed by Ingrid Höller.
  • Jutta Wörne devoted Camille Claudel an emotional, full-length ballet at the Theater Nordhausen. The world premiere of Camille Claudel. Sculptor. took place on April 3, 2009. Starring Aleksandra Wojcik danced, August Rodin was embodied by Jérôme Gosset. Camille's brother Paul was danced by Arkadiusz Głębocki.

Pictures of Camille Claudel

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