Campolongo Maggiore
Campolongo Maggiore is a town with 10,402 inhabitants (as of 31 December 2012) in the province of Venice in the Veneto region of Italy. It covers an area of 23 km ².
The town emerged from the communities Liettoli, Bojon and Campolongo, which were united in 1815. Oldest remains of settlements date back to the 13th or 12th century BC.
History
A Bronze Age sites located in the Archaeological Superintendence del Veneto in Padua, shows that already in the 13th or 12th century BC people LocalitÃ, so the district Bojon inhabited. It is a primer of 3.3 by 9 cm, which was found in an urn. It has an unreadable series of letters, who called probably the manufacturer. The village covered an area of 6 acres, but had to be abandoned because of flooding in the 9th century BC. Today it is 1.5 m below the surface.
From the 9th to 2nd century Veneti inhabited the area. They practiced an intense cult of the dead, the remains include a bronze circlet, a stone with Venetian font, but also coins, bronze votive offerings, but also ceramics, which provides evidence for regional trade with Adria, Este and Padua, but also with Greece. Livy tells how 302 BC, the son of the Spartan king Cleomenes II ( Κλεώνυμος ) arrived in the northern Adriatic, and there plundered villages until the Venetians forced him to withdraw.
In the 2nd century BC, the Romans called Paduan to settle the disputes between local families. They divided the country on new, were soldiers of goods and built ditches and roads. In the 4th to the 8th century are likely many residents have fled to the lagoon to escape the fighting with the Huns, Goths, Lombards, Hungarians and Saracens.
897 King Berengar I gave the Bishop of Padua Pietro II the place Campolongo, including its possessions and rights, which is here to think of economic use. The village belonged to a curtis, a basic rule called Sacco or Saccisica. In the 11th century Ugo, Count of Padua, the monastery of San Cipriano gave to Murano the village.
Belonging to Padua meant that after 1205 from there a Podestà was used. The site became one of the scenes of fighting between Venice and Padua.
Even if he did not belong to Venice, he was still greatly affected by its policies. In order to prevent siltation of the lagoon, Venice led the Brenta 1488-1507 and created the Brenta Nuovo or Brentone, who headed the river of Dolo, Conche. But this proved to Bojon and Corte as highly dangerous, so in 1610 the Brenta Nuovissimo arose.
Until the completion of the work by the Austrians in 1858, when the Cunetta arose, the local area was flooded again and again. 1791 was the decay in the district Vasi silt the Cornio. In the following century, five major floods occurred; the worst took place in 1882, when the water from August to October remained in the fields. Also from severe flood of 1966, the area was affected.
1806 Napoleon made the small communities Liettoli, Bojon and Campolongo to municipalities of the department of Brenta ( Padua Province today ), but in 1807 they were added to the department Adria (now Province of Venice ).
1815, with the assignment to the Austrian Kingdom of Lombardy - Venetia, the three communities were united to the commune Campolongo Maggiore. 1867 received the community Campolongo the royal permission to officially rename the Campolongo Maggiore, a name that was already in use in 1815. She had 1831 2.662 inhabitants. But many of them emigrated in the face of poverty, especially to North America. In 1870 there were two windmills in the village, but they grind only for their own use of the village. Only small amounts were executed. Beginning of the 20th century was founded in Genoa in 1902 Socialist Party often win a majority, and also in Campolongo voted in 1919, 42% of voters for the socialists.
Apparently, there was the beginning of the fascist regime to local resistances, so that Mussolini felt compelled himself on 24 November 1926 to instruct the Prefect of Venice, to punish the arsonists Campolongo particularly hard. During the late Fascist period operated at the lower Brenta, in a flat, very clear, and so for partisan very dangerous area, three groups. One of them, the Communist Gramsci 1st Brigade, operated under the direction of the Brigade Garibaldi in Padua in the area between Vigo code, Stra and Chioggia in small groups. To their territory also included the community Campolongo Maggiore.