Cape Chelyuskin

77.722694444444104.25355555556Koordinaten: 77 ° 43 ' 22 " N, 104 ° 15' 13" E

The Cape Tscheljuskin (Russian Мыс Челюскин ) is not only the most northerly point of the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberian mainland and Asia, but it also represents the northernmost continental mainland point of the earth is, but not the northernmost point; this status is disputed between the Kaffeklubben Island, ATOW1996 and other small islands north of Greenland. The cape is named after the Russian polar explorer Semyon Ivanovich Tscheljuskin.

The cape is located as part of only a few rivers extremely sparsely populated Greater Region of the tundra around 1300 km beyond the Arctic Circle and forwards over the there shallow Siberian land mass on the Wilkizkistraße the archipelago Severnaya Zemlya, which rises up to 81 ° north latitude ( length 90 ° to 106 ° East ). To the south of the Cape runs the Byrrangagebirge that reaches 1,125 meters northeast of the Taimyrsees.

The Cape Tscheljuskin was discovered by Russian seal hunters and traders in the early 17th century. Other coastal difficult passages were partly only 1733/34 in of Vitus Bering explores Second Kamchatka. The cape represents the turning point of the so-called Northeast Passage - the centuries sought ice-free as possible by sea from the northern coasts of Europe to the Bering Strait. In this middle part of the 6500 km long route whose complete Durchfahrung Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld managed only in the summers of 1878 and 1879 hit various flow conditions through the great rivers of Siberia together (Ob, Yenisei and Lena). Therefore, the ice conditions were previously difficult to predict. Since the 20th century these straits are systematically removed and kept in the transitional period by heavy icebreakers.

Air table

Climate, winds and ocean currents are influenced by the close, almost permanently ice-covered Arctic Ocean ( about 18 million km ²). The winters are long and extremely cold, with a January mean of -31.1 ° C, summers are short, cool, fog often rich and very cold with a July average of 0.8 ° C. Produced each year an average of around 244 mm of precipitation.

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