Caput medusae

A caput medusae (Latin for head of Medusa ) is a clinical sign that is in the form of visible extension tortuous veins (venae paraumbilicales ) shows the area of ​​the navel as a result of congestion by portal hypertension.

Cause

Through a pathologically induced stasis in the portal circulation of the liver (usually due to liver cirrhosis ) leads to increase of portocaval anastomoses, the blood in a bypass circuit of the inferior vena cava ( inferior vena cava ), and thus out of the heart. Located below the abdominal wall in the region of the umbilicus veins paraumbilicales be extended by the increased load and visible under the skin.

Caput medusae in glaucoma

The name caput medusae also describes an episcleral ( loose connective tissue on the sclera of the eye) dilation of the vessels in acute glaucoma. In this eye disease temporarily or permanently, the intraocular pressure is elevated.

Term

The term has its origins in Greek mythology. The Medusa wore after her transformation by Athena snakes on his head, an image that is similar to the findings described.