Car seat

As the car seat installed in automobiles seats for the occupants as well as special child seat inserts are referred for in-car use. Depending on the type of vehicle used and the distinction on the driver and passenger seats, and even after the equipment level, the built- in automobiles seats can differ fundamentally strong.

Car - driver seats / front seats

Most car models are equipped with front a pair of individual seats. Some models such as the Talbot Matra Murena or Fiat Multipla have three seats in the front. The driver's seat is usually on the side facing the oncoming traffic as against him are the guidance and control instruments. Depending on the trim level car front seats are more or less pronounced or provided with padded ergonomic formations and head restraints. At higher equipment levels and especially in sports cars and the backrests can be bulged laterally to accommodate the forces acting on the upper body lateral centrifugal forces for better lateral support when cornering. For this reason, the standard seat of a car is occasionally replaced with a sport seat to provide a better grip for example, a handicapped driver.

Adjustability

The scope and differentiation of seat adjustment is largely from the comfort and equipment levels dependent. In most cases, the position of the two front car seats forward and backward move on the seat rails to allow people with different body sizes, a good operation of the pedals for gas, brake and clutch if necessary. This is usually referred to as " linear seat adjustment " or 2- way adjustment. Very often allows the inclination of the backrest adjust. Very far rückneigbare backrests are referred to by some manufacturers as reclining seats. For more comfortable car seats, there are adjustments of height, lumbar support and seat angle, seat heating and other comfort features.

  • A 4-way seat adjustment refers to the horizontal adjustability forward and backward as well as the inclination of the backrest forward and backward.
  • A 6-way seat adjustment provides functions 4- way adjustment and height adjustment up and down.

The implementation of the adjustment is done in different ways depending on the product with Arretierklinken and manual adjustment, side hand wheels, levers with pumping motion, winches or switch electric or electro- hydraulic assistance. The extent of the adjustment and the manner in which the adjustment is made, are of particular importance in the context of motor vehicle adaptation for physically disabled people.

With electric adjustment several different seat settings may be stored electronically and can be activated at the exchange ( "Memory "). Further versions may also driver-specific individual settings for head restraint, steering column and exterior mirrors store (including automatic curb ) and set. Time-consuming recruitment at driver change can be avoided.

In two-door vehicles with four seats, the seatbacks of the front seats or in some cases can fold down all the seats forward to allow passengers reaching the back seat.

Comfort features

For the driver's seat, and partly for the front seat additional seat heating and ventilation can be provided. With top class vehicles screens can have in the rear facing side of the seatbacks of the front seats to allow passengers in the rear seats, the television, watching videos, etc.. Comfortable equipped models have armrests.

Health and Safety

Car seats are essential for safe driving. First, prevent good ergonomic seats physical stress and fatigue, attention and concentration can be characterized not so fast; hence accidents are avoided altogether. In multi - professional drivers and the seats protect the human musculoskeletal system before one-sided and thus pathogenic strains and unhealthy sitting positions.

In modern high quality vehicles sometimes an air bag on the back side to the body is integrated out, which should alleviate the side impact.

In order to objectively determine the long-term seating comfort in a variety of seating systems is the CATV procedures.

Car - rear seats / Passenger Seats

The seats indicated in the second row, and rear seat or rear seats are adapted to position the seat and the padding and molding the level of the front seats. An ergonomic shape is usually less pronounced, since the number of people sitting there often varies and would interfere pronounced cushion formations often.

In simpler and cheaper design, the seats in the second row on a common mounting frame are fixed and not adjustable mounted. In better-equipped models, the backrest can be whole or split fold down to increase the cargo space behind it. The cross - subdivisions that are most commonly used:

Depending on the model, it is also possible after folding the seatback to fold the whole seat in the footwell to get a huge flat cargo area.

Child Seats

See main article child seat

Driver seats / front seats of trucks, buses and work vehicles

Most truck models are the front with a pair of individual seats, particularly large trucks may be three seats in the front and work vehicles still have rear bench seats. Buses have front usually only a driver's seat on the same site as a car. For special work vehicles, the driver's seat can also be located on the opposite side, for example in street cleaning vehicles to improve the overview of the roadside.

Compared to the typical car upholstery truck and bus seats are designed for a much higher seating position and a more upright sitting position. This seems to be mainly a consequence of the larger available space of the cabs. Adjustment, upholstery, design and comfort features, like the car different depending on equipment level. The adjustment accounts for pronounced sun positions and usually also a folding forward.

Bus and Kleinbus-/Van-Passagiersitze

In simpler and cheaper design passenger seats are fitted as double or triple bench, fixed and not adjustable on a common frame. In better-equipped vehicles are on the frame single seats, more comfortable are here complete mounted next to each individual seats each with its own rear backrest adjustment. These are the seats very similar to modern trains, and airplanes. In part, it is also widely adjustable reclining seats here.

In light trucks and vans like the VW bus could and can in many cases the rear seats to be expanded to also increase the variability between passenger and freight transport. This concept was later transferred from the Opel Opel Zafira car, bringing a new category the compact MPV was created.

Car seat manufacturers

Car seats are not usually produced by the car manufacturers themselves, but purchased from suppliers. In the early days of automobile upholstery usually were commissioned. The major German car seat manufacturer Recaro and Grammer AG emerged from upholstery. Even today one speaks of car upholstery, if you would like to call the department for the production of car seats for complete manufacturers such as BMW subsidiary Rolls -Royce. The seat manufacturing is a classic example of just-in - sequence production of the modern automobile industry, since the large variety of types ( eg Audi Q5: about 2000 different types of sofas per vehicle can be ordered by the customer, English mass customization. ) A production stockpile is no longer possible.

Large manufacturers are:

  • Germany: Recaro under the umbrella of Johnson Controls, Grammer AG, Magna Seating, Sitech, Isringhausen GmbH & Co. KG, Greiner GmbH, king comfort and racing seats GmbH, C. Rob. . Hammerstein GmbH & Co. KG,
  • France: Faurecia
  • U.S.: Lear Corporation, Johnson Controls
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